Danae Class cruisers

United Kingdom (1916-22), 8 light cruisers
HMS Danae, Dauntless, Dragon, Delhi, Dunedin, Durban, Despatch, Diomede.


HMS DELHI, bulgaria
HMS DELHI in bulgaria, during the interwar

The Danae class were the last large WW1 British light cruiser serie, also called "D" class to distinguish them from the "C class" they replaced, or the following "E" class which construction was only partially realized (HMS Enterprise and Emerald). They were basically larger C class with an extra main gun. Started in 1916 to 1918, they were completed too late for most to take part in WWI: Only Danae and Dragon saw little service at the end of the war. However, they all served in the interwar, and were often modernized soon before WW2 commenced, and afterwards, notably as AA cruisers, spending the war as escorts. One was sunk, two expanded as breakwater off Normandy beach in 1944.

The Danae class, the "improved Ceres".

In September 1916 three Improved Ceres class were ordered, taking the original Arethusa concept to its limit. As before, the hull was lengthened to enable an extra main gun to be fitted in between the foremast and the fore funnel. The reason was an erroneous intelligence report which suggested that new powerful German light cruisers were planned. The result was effective, but the long asymmetrical profile had nothing of the balance of the C classes. As their beam was increased they were also able to accommodate triple torpedo tubes, while ammunition reserve were augmented by 20%, torpedo stock by 50%.

In July 1917, a further three were ordered (2nd Group - Delhi, Dunedin and Durban), followed by six more in March 1918, but the last four were cancelled (Daedalus, Daring, Desperate, Dryad) on 26 November 1918. All the later group were modified like the Capetown class, with trawler bows for better seakeeping. In addition, several had a conspicuous hangar abaft 'R' gun, which was later removed. HMS Diomede had an experimental enclosed gunhouse for 'A' gun with 40° elevation as an "anti-zeppelin" gun.

In 1920, it was proposed to complete Despatch as a royal yacht, her armament deleted and two boilers removed to reduce speed to 24kts. Her forecastle deck would have been extended right aft, and the bow and stern would have been altered to resemble a yacht. Nothing came of this scheme.

Development history

HMS Dragon built 1918 close tanker War Angler Scotts Yard, Greenock
HMS Dragon built 1918 close tanker War Angler Scotts Yard, Greenock

Based on partly correct intel about a new class of very powerful German light cruisers class in construction (Possibly the Cöln class, 7500 tons FL, 27.5 kts, eight 15 cm guns), the admiralty decided that the C class were sub-par and wanted a larger class, armed with six main guns. Therefore, the "D" class, or Danae, were based on the preceding C class to gain development time, just lengthened by 20 feet (6 m) in order to accomodate a sixth 6-inch (152 mm) gun, placed in between the bridge and forefunnel in a position only suitable to broadsides. The four others were still in the centerline.

This new configuration saw and 'A', 'B' positions forward, superfiring, then a new 'P' in between the bridge and fore funnel, 'Q' aft of the second funnel, the 'X', 'Y' aft, with the first superfiring. Also with the extra beam gained, twin torpedo banks now could be replaced by triple banks, so making for a six tubes broadside, twelve tubes in all, which at the time was the heaviest torpedo armament ever mounted on a cruiser.

The improved Group B (Delhi class) was beamier and counted also Dunedin, Diomede, Durban and Despatch, but also Daedalus (to be laid down in Armstrong, Elswick in 1918, cancelled 26.11.1918), HMS Daring (at Beardmore, Dalmuir), HMS Desperate (to Hawthorn Leslie, Hebburn) and HMS Dryad (in Vickers, Barrow). They were axed at the end of the war.

Design

D class cruiser diagrams Brasseys 1923

The general design scheme followed the last C-class cruisers, notably the Ceres class, but with a stretched hull, lengthened by 20 feet (6 m). Where the latter displaced around 4,180-4,950 tons FL, the D class reached 4,850 tons standard and 5,925 tons fully loaded, so almost a 1,000 ton increase, or 1/5 tonnage augmentation. The greater span between light and fully loaded displacement were explained by a larger stotage capacity for ammunitions and fuel as well.

They measured 445 ft (135.6 m) between perpendiculars, and 472.5 ft overall, versus 450 feets for the previous ships (144 verus 137 m) but not larger (43 feets or 12 m) until the Despatch and Diomedes benefited from that increase to 46.5 ft (14.2 m) (47 ft (14 m) in order to improve stability and plan for future upgrades.

Also to gain time, engineers were told to retake the machinery and general layout of the Ceres group, the last one of the C-class. It had indeed improvements in ASW protection in its compartimentation. However, HMS Danae, Dauntless and Dragon had the standard bow design, whereas the remainder adopted the same improved bow of the Capetown group (very last C class cruisers). This famous trademark called the "knuckled bow" had a recessed part acting as a wave breaker to prevent water spray to reach the upper deck.


HMS Diomede, Panama Canal, top view, showing the forward "semi-turret"

Indeed this was adopted after the C class were recoignised very wet forwards. The Capetowns sheer was increased forward with this knuckled "trawler bow", which was soon found very successful and spread in all cruiser constructions until the end of WW2 (But HMS Birmingham in 1935). HMS Despatch and Diomede also differed from the pack (Laid down summer 1918) with their beam increased by ½ foot for a better stability. HMS Despatch and Diomede received also at completion a 4 inch anti-aircraft gun rather than the 12 pounder (3 inch/75 mm) Vickers guns adopted on the others. HMS Diomede in addition tested on her very wet 'A' gun position a weatherproof housing for her CP Mark XVI, better protecting the gun crew, but it was still not a proper turret. In addition to the sixth main gun, additional torpedo tubes were installed and depth charge throwers were also included.

Protection

Although the general same scheme of the Ceres class was retaken, with comparable, but increased figures overall, lessons of the Battle of Jutland were applied, so protection was overall improved, and in detail. The forward Mk XII 6-inch gun was experimentally fitted on HMS Diomede with a prototype gun house allowing greater elevation which was a frank success. The belt was still protected by only 3(inches at best for the amidship (central) section, but extra strays were added for the upper and main decks over sensible locations, like the machinery and steering gear.

Powerplant

This was basically a repeat of the previous class, and consisted in 2 sets of Brown-Curtis geared steam turbines, coupled with 6 Yarrow oil-fired boilers. However the Dauntless and Diomede differed in having two sets of Parsons geared steam turbines, but still six Yarrow boilers, for 40,000 shp (30,000 kW) total. This enabled a top speed of 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph) on trials, 27 knots fully loaded, versus 28.5 on the C-class. The greater lenght and displacement in fact favored speed instead of capping it, due to the greater wavelenght. The ships were less sensible to motion in heavy weather. All carried 1,050 tons of oil, enough for 5,000 nautical miles (15 kts), or 2,300 nmi (4,260 km) at 27 knots (50.0 km/h), compared to the C-class 5,900 nautical miles (10,900 km; 6,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).

Armament


Main guns of HMS Dragon as she carried the Prince of Wales to Canada, 1919

Main: BL 6-inch (152.4 mm) L/45 Mark XII guns

The last generation of the standard-issue 6-in in the British Royal Navy in WWI, by Vickers-Armstrong Elswick. They were all placed on single mountings CP Mark XIV with small shields, opened to aft to allow the gun crew to operate, and offering some protection against shrapnel. HMS Diomede differed by having her 'A' mount using the CP Mk.XVI experimental gunhouse (a fully enclosed turret), offering better protection as well, from shrapnel and elements since this was the most exposed, on the forecastle deck.

Secondary: QF 3 inch 20 cwt L/45 Mk.I

Two 3 inch 20 cwt L/45 Mk.I (76 mm) were placed on mounts HA Mk.II for AA defence. They were installed on the wings amidship of the two funnels. These were standard-issue guns, produced until 1947 in their last Marks. They used a semi-automatic sliding-block, and hydro spring, constant recoil. They could elevate to 90°. Muzzle velocity was 2,000-2,500 ft/s (760 m/s) depending on the shell, range 16,000 ft-23,500 ft (7,200 m).

Tertiary: QF 2-pounder L/39 Mk.II

The 2-pdr were pure rapid-fire AA guns designed in 1917, the famous "pompom". They were placed on mounts HA Mk.II installed aft, on the quarterdeck superstructure in front of 'X' gun, in echelon. They and reached 115 rpm, fed by 14-rds steel link belt, and reach 3,960 m (13,300 ft) in A/A ceiling, 6,220 m (6,800 yd) at 701 m/s (2,300 ft/s) max range.

Torpedoes: 4x3 21-in TT Banks

The strong point of the design compared to the C-class. With their greater lenght, the Danae class cold accomodate four banks instead of just two per side. This made them the most powerfully torpedo-armed cruisers in the world at that time. These four triple tubes banks were placed at the greatest beam amidship on deck, two abreast the 'C' gun and forre funnel, and a pair aft of 'D' gun. They fired 21-inch (533 mm) torpedoes, standard-issue 21" (53.3 cm) Mark IV or Mark IV* torpedoes. Designed 1912, these weighted 3,206 lbs (1,454 kg), were 22 ft 7.5 in (6.896 m) long, carrying a 515 lbs. (234 kg) TNT warhead at three settings: 8,000 yards (7,300 m)/35 knots, 10,000 yards (9,150 m)/29 knots, 13,500 yards (12,350 m)/25 knots.

Aircraft tests 1918-1922

HMS Dragon 1920s, SLV Allan Green
HMS Dragon's massive bridge hangar in the 1920s. SLV Allan Green

HMS Dragon and Dauntless (Laid down January 1917) were completed with a hangar for a floatplane, built into the bridge forward, and a compass platform was installed on top of the forward superstructure, over 'B' gun. HMS Delhi, Dunedin, Durban, Despatch and Diomede all received a flying-off platform aft. These aircraft received wheeltrains and were to be launched full-throttle, with a crew blocking the wheels. The platforms had a slight decline so to increase speed, but these were still freightfully short anyway. The Sopwith Camels or Pup which took off in a mere 20 meters or so needed the full participation of the cruiser, which took the best possible position into the wind for the launch.

Modifications

D-class various appearance in 1919 and 1940, 1943 and 1946
D-class various appearance in 1919 and 1940, 1943 and 1946

In the 1920s, Danae, Dragon, Dauntless had a flying-off platform, installed in 1918 with a hangar forward removed. Diomede, Despatch had a single 102mm/45 QF Mk V installed aft (on the quarterdeck roof, superposed to the after deck turret). Soon after, Danae, Dauntless, Dragon, Delhi, Dunedin and Durban received two 76mm/45 AA and three 102mm/45 QF Mk V DP guns.

Before the war, in 1938-1939 Despatch and Dunedin received two single 40mm/39 Bofors and two two quad 12.7mm/62 (Vickers .5 in HMG). After the war in October, Danae received two 2pdr QF Mk VIII AA guns. HMS Delhi as emerging from New York NyD in December 1941 had now a completely new US-pattern armament, with five five 127mm/38 Mk 12 main guns in single turrets where her former guns were, and two quad 40mm/39 2pdr QF Mk VIII AA guns, then eight 20mm/70 Oerlikon Mk II/IV AA guns, and a full displacement now to 6500t, with 200t of solid ballast to avoid stability issues.

In early 1942 Delhi also received in UK a full electronics radar suite, with the navigation and air warning type 271, type 281, two FCS type 282 and two type 285 radars. Danae also at the same time received an extra 102mm/45 gun aft and a quad 40mm/39 2pdr "pom pom" QF Mk VIII AA, then Dauntless and later in the summer HMS Despatch both received eight single 20mm/70 Oerlikon Mk II/IV AA guns together with a type 271 and type 286 radars. In August Durban also received the same upgrade and in late 1942, Danae was given a quad Bofors and an extra 102mm/45 QF Mk V DP gun.

1943 saw Danae receiving a new armament, with just al but one of her 152mm/45 (6 in) guns removed, and three 102mm/45 DP guns fitted instead, and a quad 40mm/39 AA, two triple banks removed and another twin 102/45 QF Mk XVI installed and a second quad 40mm/39 2pdr Pompom QF Mk VIII, four twin 20mm/70 Oerlikon Mk II/IV and the type 271, type 282, type 283, type 291 radars. HMS Dauntless received an extra two single 4-in (102/45) DP guns and two quad 40mm/39 2pdr QF Mk VIII pompom, then HMS Delhi had two extra single and two twin 20mm/70 Oerlikon Mk II/IV AA guns.

In June, Diomede received also an extra 102mm/45, two single, and a quad 2pdr QF Mk VIII pompom and eight single 20mm/70 Oerlikon Mk II/IV plus the type 273 and type 291 radars. Diomede later that year obtained two more single and two twin 20mm/70 Oerlikon and Dauntless a type 273 radar.

HMS Delhi at Vancouver
HMS Delhi off Vancouver in the interwar

1944 saw HMS Delhi fitted with two extra twin 20mm/70 Oerlikon Mk II/IV and a type 650 ECM suite and both Dauntless Diomede had all their TTs removed. No modification was made in 1945, but after the war, they receoive extensive armament refits in January 1946: Danae had all five 152/45 CP Mk XIV guns and twin 4-in Mk XIX, two quad 40mm/39 Mk VII, four twin 20mm/70 Mk V and the type 271, type 282, type 283, type 291 radars. Dauntless had all her six 152/45 CP Mk XIV guns in place and a single mount 102mm/45 HA Mk III, two quad 40mm/39 Mk VII, two single 40mm/39 HA Mk II, eight oerlikon and a new radar suite with the type 271, type 273, type 286 radars. This was about the same for Diomede but with the type 273 and type 290 radars only, on Delhi (Still with her five 127mm/38 Mk 30) the extensive radar suite comprising the type 271, type 281, 2x type 282, 2x type 285 radars, type 650 ECM suite. HMS Despatch was in "pure AA" mode, with just three single 102mm/45 HA Mk III, sixteen 40mm/60 Mk III and ten single 20mm/70 Mk III and the type 271 and type 286 radars.

Delhi served as the testbed as well. It was realized the British HACS and FKS AA fire control systems were not as good as the US ones, and while under modernization in Brooklyn NyD, the British asked to have installed the MK 37 Gun Fire Control System, as a test bed to serve the newly installed 5-inch/38 calibre guns. The British were quite impressed by the overall performances and this went through the Admiralty and back, requesting the US via lend-lease the provision of forty-two of such systems to be sent to the Royal Navy, fitted on newly developed cruisers, planned also on HMS Vanguard, new aircraft carriers, and the Battle-class destroyers, and these were carried out but war ended before 40 new systems could be delivered. The role of HMS delhi as a testbed for this has been recoignised as instrumental.


HMS Danae in 1920, old author's illustration. More modern ones awaited.


ORP Dragon in 1944.



HMS Delhi in 1942, with her famous US pattern artillery.


HMS Danae 1918 - blueprint

⚙ Danae Group 1 specs (*group 2)

Dimensions144 x 13.2/14* x 4.4/4.5* m (472 x 46-47* x 16.5 feets)
Displacement4,850 tons standard, 5,925 tons Fully Loaded
Crew450/469 wartime
Propulsion2 shafts Parsons turbines, 6 Yarrow boilers, 40,000 hp.
Speed29 knots (42 km/h)
Range2300 nm @ 27 knots.
Armament6× 6-in/45 (152 mm), 2x 3-pdr/45 (57mm), 2x 2-Pdr/39 AA (40 mm), 4x3 21-in TTs (533mm)
ProtectionBelt 1.5-2.25 in, decks 1 in, Masks 25 1 in, CT 3 in)

Combat service records:

HMS Despatch during the Allied Invasion of Normandy, Near Arromanches, 6-8 June 1944
HMS Despatch during the Allied Invasion of Normandy, Near Arromanches, 6-8 June 1944

Danae joined 5th Light Cruiser Squadron. Harwich Force in June 1918, the first one of the class to see war service. She was in the Baltic 1919, then Ist LCS, Atlantic Fleet from September 1919. Served in Second World War; to Polish Navy as Conrad October 1944 and sold in 1948.

Despatch was to be launched 10 September 1919, but she was stuck on her way for two weeks Towed to Chatham DYd for completion and then joined Sth LCS, China Station from June 1922. Served in Second World War and sold in 1946, Dragon joined 5th LCS, Harwich Force in Augast 1918 and went to Baltic in 1919 before joining Ist LCS, tFleet. Part of escort for Prince of Wales' visit to West Indies in August 1919. Served in Second World War and lent to Polish Navy in January 1943, and after torpedo damage scuttled as part of Mulberry Harbour in 1944.

Served in the Second World War, scuttled as part of the Mulherry H harbour breakwater in 1944. DYd for completion and joined 5th LCS, China Station in October 1922. Served in Sccond World War and sold in 1946. Dunedin commissioned for Ist LCS, Atlantic Fleet October 1920 and transferred to RNZN May 1924-March 1937 (relieving Chatham). Served in Second World War and torpedoed off coast of Brazil by U 124 in 1941. Durban was towed to Devonport for completion and joined 5th LCS, China Station November 1921.

During WW2, Danae was transferred to the Polish Navy, as ORP Conrad, and served as such from 4 October 1944 to 28 September 1946, retroceded and sold for breaking up on 22 January 1948. Dauntless served most of her WW2 career in the Indian Ocean and Far east and was a TS from 1943, then reserve from February 1945.

Sources/read more

HMS Diomede, crossing Panama canal
HMS Diomede, crossing Panama canal

Books

Jane's Fighting Ships of World War One (1919), Jane's Publishing Company
Conway's all the world's fighting ships 1906-1921 and 1922-1947
Campbell, N.J.M. (1980). "Great Britain". In Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946.
Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: Complete Record, Chatham Publishing.
Friedman, Norman (2010). British Cruisers: Two World Wars and After. Seaforth Publishing.
Raven, Alan & Roberts, John (1980). British Cruisers of World War Two. Annapolis
Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two. Annapolis
Whitby, Michael (2020). "On Barren, Hideous Rocks: The Grounding of HMS Dauntless, July 1928". Jordan, Osprey
Whitley, M. J. (1995). Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. Cassell.
Zolandez, Thomas (2004). "Question 6/01: Japanese WW II Spy". Warship International.
Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy, Chatham Publishing.
Friedman, Norman (2010). British Cruisers: Two World Wars and After. Seaforth Publishing
Gill, G. Hermon (1957). Royal Australian Navy 1939-1942. Australia in the War of 1939–1945.
"Taffrail" (Henry Taprell Dorling) (1973). Blue Star Line at War, 1939–45. London: W. Foulsham & Co
Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two, Naval Institute Press

Sites



The D class on navypedia
On worldwar1.co.uk
The Danae class (wiki)
Wikimedia commons photo database
About the Torpedoes on navweaps

Photo Gallery

Four D-class cruisers at the south Brisbane wharves in 1924 during the Royal Navy world tour
Four D-class cruisers at the south Brisbane wharves in 1924 during the Royal Navy world tour

HMS Danae at Vancouver 1934
HMS Danae at Vancouver 1934

Grand Prix of Monaco, ace driver Taruffi passing in front of HMS Dehli
Grand Prix of Monaco, ace driver Taruffi passing in front of HMS Dehli

HMS Dauntless, Royal Naval Dockyard in Bermuda ca1930
HMS Dauntless, Royal Naval Dockyard in Bermuda ca1930

HMS Delhi off New Zealand
HMS Delhi off New Zealand

HMS Despatch underway off the Panama canal zone on 31 October 1939
HMS Despatch underway off the Panama canal zone on 31 October 1939

HMS Despatch, Vancouver 1928
HMS Despatch, Vancouver 1928

HMS Diomede and Dunedin in Wellington
HMS Diomede and Dunedin in Wellington

HMS Dragon, 5 October 1936
HMS Dragon, 5 October 1936

HMS Dragon at Vancouver, 1933
HMS Dragon at Vancouver, 1933

The models corner

ORP conrad


Cruiser D Class O.R.P. Conrad, Niko Model 1:700
1/1800 tabletop game Shapeways model

The D class in action

HMS Danae

HMS Danae, August 1944
HMS Danae, August 1944

Launched on 26 January 1918, HMS Danae was the lead ship of the D class, and set records during her sea trials thanks to her 40,000 horsepower and 29 knots, still achieving 6,700 nautical miles on cruise speed. She was attached to the Harwich flottila (5th Light Cruiser Squadron) as soon as completed and commissioned on 22 July 1918. She took part in North Sea patrols as the war was ending, without noticeable event. In October-November 1919, like many other cruisers she was ordered to combat the Bolshevik threat and operate in the Baltic Sea, supporting the White Russians with HMS Dragon and Dauntless.

Interwar service

In February 1920, she joined the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron, Atlantic Fleet. In 1923, she was attached for a time to the "Special Service Squadron" a "public relations" flotilla where she escorted the battlecruisers HMS Hood, and Repulse and other cruisers of the class, HMS Delhi, Dragon, Dauntless and Dunedin plus destroyers sent on a world tour of goodwill visits and "showing the flag" around the globe, leaving Devonport on 27 November, then making it in Sierra Leone, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, Durban, Zanzibar, Trincomalee, Singapore, Fremantle, Albany, Adelaide, Melbourne, Hobart, Sydney, Wellington, Suva, Samara, Honolulu, Victoria, Vancouver, San Francisco before a split from the the battlecruisers which headed for home via the Panama Canal. She visited Callao, Valparaiso and Talcahuano down to the Strait of Magallan, and then eastwards to the Falkland Islands, Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Montevideo and Rio de Janeiro while proceeing to the Atlantic Ocean via Cape Verde Islands and heading back in turn for home.

Next, Danae was sent to the Mediterranean squadron where she served in 1927-1929 (1st Cruiser Squadron) before ordered back home for an overhault and modernisation. In 1930 she left Devonport for Bermuda on 20 August 1930, for Bermuda, assisting off Halifax the paddle-wheeled tug Sandboy, towing the tug to the port on Halifax on 2 September before joning the 8th Cruiser Squadron (America and West Indies Station) at the Bermuda Royal Naval Dockyard.

HMS Danae underway off San Diego on 29 June 1934
HMS Danae underway off San Diego on 29 June 1934

She was sent to aid Santo Domingo struck by a hurricane (10 September, escorting the oiler Serbol), helping the American Relief Committee with onboard medical supplies and surplus food. She next resumed her patrols between the Newfoundland to Cape Horn, making ventures in the Pacific Ocean on longer cruises. Bermuda was the meeting point of the fleet for exercises. Captain Eric Richard Bent took command in October. In 1935, with the Second Sino-Japanese War erupting she escorted evacuation convoys from Shanghai to Hong Kong. At this occasion she was fired at by the Japanese Navy, later refuted as an error. Northing much happened until 1939.

Wartime service

Leaving the Far East fleet, HMS Danae went to Great Britain, being placed in reserve due to her age. However she was mobilized in July 1939, and attached to the 9th Cruiser Squadron (South Atlantic, Indian Ocean stations), departing in October and by 23 March 1940 joining the Malaya Force. She patrolled the Dutch East Indies and Singapore. On 20 January, she joined the China Force as a convoy escort to the Yellow Sea, also linking the Dutch Indies and Ceylon with Durban, Dauntless, Cornwall and HMAS Canberra. On 24 February 1941, she was stationed in Batavia, and then Colombo, until ordered to Cape Town for an overhaul and modernization in mid-1942.

When this was over, in July 1943 (11 months) she started a refrsehr cruiser, training and then resumed escort missions. In March 1944 she returned home, attached to the 1st Cruiser Squadron and in May, as preparations for the Normandy landing went on, she was prepared to act as a support ships in the Sword Beach area. On June 6, she carried out her share of the feet bombardment at dawn, and proceeded with on-demand ground support missions? She notably shelled German positiions with HMS Ramillies, Warspite and the cruisers Mauritius, Frobisher, Arethusa and ORP Dragon (her sister ship in Polish service) plus a group of destroyers. Her misson accompished she left in July for Port en Bessin and Ouistreham to support other artillery support missions, until returning home in August. Placed in reserve for good, as her crew was needed on more modern vessels, she was hulked in Plymouth.

As ORP Conrad (1945)

After the loss of ORP Dragon however, on 4 October 1944, the admiralty decided to lease her as well, manned mostly by the surviving crew of ORP Dragon and under command of Stanisław Dzienisiewicz. She was overhauled and modernied for the last time in Southampton, Chatham, until 23 January 1945, initially to be named "ORP Wilno" or "Lwów", seen too controversial as not to to offend the Soviets which recently captured these cities. Named ORP Conrad, (after Józef Konrad Korzeniowski -Joseph Conrad) she moved to Scapa in February 1945 and joined on 2 April the 10th Cruiser Squadron (Birmingham, Bellona, Diadem, Dido) for a short time. She was sent in drydock to repair her worn out and damaged turbine, only out on 30 May 1945, by which time the war was practically over. She served briefly with the 29th Destroyer Flotilla (destroyers Zodiac, Zephyr and Zest) aand after V-Day in Europe, sent to Wilhelmshaven captured by the Polish 1st Armoured Division.

She was used until the end of the year as a transport ship for the Polish Red Cross, between there and Norway, Denmark. In January 1946 she went for some training off Rosyth with the rest of the Polish Navy (ORP Burza, Błyskawica, Piorun, Garland) and on 8 March, all these vessels were decommissioned, the Polish crews transferring them to the RN before gradually departing. In August 1946 she had a skeleton crew as her transfer was completed in late September, renamed Danae and sent to the Care & Maintenance Party, Falmouth. On 22 January 1948, on disposal list in 1947, she was sold to Thos. W. Ward for scrapping.

HMS Dauntless

HMS Dauntless, April 1942
HMS Dauntless, April 1942, en route to UK for her refit.

HMS Dauntless was built at Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company, Jarrow, laid down 3 January 1917, launched 10 April 1918 but Commissioned only on 22 November 1918, too late to see action in the First World War.

Interwar service

After her shakedown cruiser and intensive training, she was assigned in 1919 to the Baltic Sea fleet for her first operational deployment, against the Bolshevik revolutionaries in Russia. Afterwards, she had a maintenance back home and was sent to the West Indies in detached service in 1921.

Afterwards, she was attached to the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron, Atlantic Fleet for five years. As a member of the Special Service Squadron cruising fleet (the 'Empire Cruise') she toured the world in 1923-1924, making many port called and goowill visits, dhowing the flag around the world. When done, Dauntless was reassigned to the Mediterranean Squadron for the years 1925-1927, also cruising yearly and making numerous port calls.

HMS DAUNTLESS 11 April 1924
HMS DAUNTLESS 11 April 1924

In May 1928 she was recommissioned after an extensive overhaul, assigned to the North America/West Indies Stations and based at the Royal Naval Dockyard, Bermuda. She ran aground on 2 July 1928 on the Thrum Cap Shoal. It was 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) off Halifax (Nova Scotia), and this badly damaged her bottom. A breach soon flooded her engine room and one boiler room. While she was unable to free herself, her captain eventually ordered to abandon ship, only leaving onboard officers and a few able seamen. When inspected later it was decided to have her lightened. Subsequently all guns and torpedo tubes were removed and placed on barges equipped with cranes. All other equipments were removed, notably the ammunition, and her tanks were pumped dry. Then divers and engineers tried to patch her bottom and pumped her enough so she could be refloated and towed away on 11 July 1928, so after 9 days of frantic efforts. She was towed off by her sister ship HMS Despatch assisted by three tugs. She was repaired in Halifax on the remainder of 1928 and early 1929, reduced to the reserve.

In 1930, she was transferred to the America & West Indies Station. In 1931-1933 she served with the South American Division without noticeable event, and in 1934, relieved HMS Curlew on the Mediterranean station, reassigned to the 3rd Cruiser Squadron. In 1935, she was back home for a long crew leave, an overhaul, and be paid off into reserve.

WW2 service

HMS Dauntless was recommissioned in September 1939, assigned to the 9th Cruiser Squadron, the South Atlantic Command. In December 1939 the squadron was transferred to the China Station. In March 1940, HMS Dauntless was part of the British Malaya Force patrolling the Indian Ocean, notably against German commerce raiders and long-range U-Boats. She then operated off Batavia, notably blockading German merchant shipping in the Dutch East Indies. On 15 June 1941, she collided with HMS Emerald off Malacca. The damage was extensive enough to have her sent in Singapore for repairs, until 15 August. She spent the remainder of 1941 in Singapore, patrolling the area up to the Dutch East Indies.

In February 1942, HMS Dauntless was ordered back to Britain for a major refit and modernization in Portsmouth, gaining notably a radar and extra AA. Next she was ordered to the Eastern Fleet. In November she operated as escort ship on the southern convoy route, from Singapore to South Africa. She was ovehauled in the Selborne dry dock, Simonstown, South Africa, until January 1943. Afterwards and her last escort mission from there to the Suez canal, sthe admiraky decided to use her as training ship. In February 1945, she was placed in reserve back home, then discarded, written off in late 1945, placed on the disposal list. She was sold for BU on 13 February 1946 and demolished in April at Thos. W. Ward, Inverkeithing.

HMS Dragon


As ORP Dragon, 1944

Interwar carrer

Launched on 29 December 1917, HMS Dragon was not commissioned until 10 August 1918 at Harwich Dockyard under command of Capt. A. H. Allington. She is often credited having fired the last shot of the war at sea, engaging engaged German seaplanes off Heligoland Bight, 9 November 1918. Soon after her short service (the crews trained well until September-October so she really only served properly on wartime patrols in November. After the war, she had the nonor to carry the Prince of Wales, future King Edward VIII, to Canada in August 1919 for his royal tour in the Americas.

Lke her sister ship she was sent to take part in the Russian Civil War off Latvia and Estonia, against the Bolsheviks, also helping the German Freikorps forces, in October-November 1919. On 17 October 1919, HMS Dragon received three shells from a shore battery when supporting German forced off Riga. The impacts cost her nine killed and five wounded. In 1920, as part 1st Light Cruiser Squadron, Atlantic Fleet (Captain O. H. Hawke-Genn in command from March) and for the 1920s at kearge wich just two interruptions for overhauls, on 8 May 1923 and 2 February 1926, both in Chatham's drydock.

on 1924, she was attached to a representative task force (HMS Hood, Repulse, Delhi, Danae, Dauntless) touring the world. HMS Dragon visited Zanzibar, Ceylon, New Zealand, Fiji, Canada, Jamaica, all as temporary bases during the trip and visited ports in the US coast, the Dutch Antilles and Australia. She was overhauled on 20 December 1928, seeing notably her seaplane hangar dismantled. From 15 November 1929, P. W. Nelles, RCN, took command.

On 22 January 1930, making her post-refit sea trials at Chatham, she became tender to Pembroke, and jumped in and out commission in the 1930s. On 30 May 1933 Noël Coward visited HMS Dragon in Bermuda, coming from SS Roma. By that time, the cruiser was under command of a futre figure of the RN in WW2: Captain Philip Louis Vian, whic interpelled Coward, saying "What the hell are you doing on board this ship?", but afour finding out who he was, allowing to stay for a cruise on the Pacific side of the Panama canal. Dragon disembarked the famous playwright and then headed for the China Station, and then the America and West Indies station in 1935.

In 1934 she collided with a steamer in Montreal (Quebec, Canada). Captain Frederic Wake-Walker was blamed for incompetence, as Canadian courts found him liable for the collision. In late October 1936, HMS Dragon tried to help the straddled Spanish cruise liner Cristobal Colon north of Bermuda, which failed. On 16 July 1937 she was at home with a small reserve crew, actibg as a tender to HMS Cardiff. Before the war strated she was part of the Reserve Fleet in The Nore.

HMS Dragon in WW2

HMS Dragon was still "in her juice" when World War II broke out, and was not sent on the frotnline, attached instead to the 7th Cruiser Squadron -Northern Patrol- operating in the Shetland area. In November 1939, she was part of the wild hunt against the Admiral Graf Spee. In February 1940, she operated briefly in the Mediterranean and and was back to the Atlantic fleet. On 16 September 1940 she looked for Vichy French vessels after Operation Catapult in August, and captured the French steamer Touareg. On 23 September, she took part in Operation Menace against the Vichy-held port of Dakar, and with HMS Inglefield and Foresight, she spotted and sank the Vichy French submarine Persée. She also shelled the port and military installations. She was later based in Freetown, South Africa, in order to spot and engage the German cruiser Admiral Scheer in December 1940.

1941 saw little action but a routine of escort duties in the Atlantic. Until November, she escorted various convoys. The end of the year saw tension rising in Asia and she was en route on 7 december, assigned to the American-British-Dutch-Australian (ABDA) Command forces. She escorted convoys to Singapore, and was the last ship leaving the city before it fell. On 20 January 1942, she joined the Western task force (Java Sea) which HMAS Hobart, HMS Danae and the destroyers Tenedos and Scout.

After the fall of Java, she teamed with HMS Caledon and HNLMS Jacob van Heemskerck patrolling off Ceylon. In May 1942 she was assigned to the Operation against Madagascar (Operation Ironclad) and in June her crew was reduced, sent to other units, while she sailed back home for a major overhaul, but attached to various convoys and transtiting via Cape Town, Chatham and Durban unti; she arrived in Liverpool by September 1942.

As ORP Dragon:

On 15 January 1943, she was handed over to the Polish Navy as ORP Dragon. She was modernized as planned however soon after this, in Birkenhead shipyard, refitted with new electric power unit to cope with the installation of a radar and modern AA armament. She went out of drydock on 23 August 1943, satiling to Scapa Flow to start training with her Polish craw. Her duties however remained essentially the same: She took part in Atlantic convoy escort missions. On 20 February 1944 however she was to join her first norther Murmansk-bound convoy with HMS Berwick and Jamaica, escorting JW.57 convoy part. For the incoming Battle of Normandy she trained extensively and was prepared, and on 2 June, was attached to a local bombardment fleet comprising also HMS Ramillies, Warspite, Mauritius, Frobisher, Arethusa, Danae.

In Operation Neptune, on June, 6, she was off Sword Beach, and shelled German shore batteries at Colleville-sur-Orne and Trouville, from just 4 kilometres. A German 105 mm (4 in) from one of these shore batteries made a near-miss which wounded three sailors. Ramillies and Roberts eventually silenced the battery. By the evening she was ordered in front of Juno Beach to support the advance inland. On the 7th, she shelled German positions on demand around Caen. On the 8th she suffered a communication system failure, repaired at night, allowing her to resume directed fire on the German 21st Panzer Division near Varaville. On the 9th she engaged the shore battery at Houlgate, and was back to Portsmouth to resupply. Back in action on 12-17 June she targeted German positions around Caen, Gouneville, Lébisey and Varaville and was near-missed by torpedoes from an unknown German submarine. On 18 June she escorted home HMS Nelson, damaged by a mine.

Luck was about to turn for the cruiser. ORP Dragon on 7 July was to take position for support off Caen, part of the artillery preparations before capturing the besieged city. At 5:40 am while stationary, she was hit by a German Neger manned torpedo (probable pilots: Walther Gerhold or Midshipman Potthast). This was one of the rare success of this desperate wepaon. The explosion killed 26 men and th ship was crippled, but seemingly still possibly to be repaired. The explosion caused a fire in the 3rd magazine, soon extinguished by opening all valves and filling the compartment with seawater. The the 3rd engine room was also hit and evacuated.

ORP Dragon started to sink on her port side until her list reached 9°, but this was partly stabilized when the captain ordered all main guns to be trained to starboard. Later as 11 more sailors died of their wounds, the list was stabilized and ORP Dragon was able to sit on shallows, waiting the ebb tide to steam again. Meanwhile flooded engine room were pumped out, but a damage party found the hull was pierced across two sections with a gash of about 5 metres (16 ft) by 15 metres (49 ft). The local command ordered the ship to be abandoned and on 10 July the crew was evacuated by USS LST-494, back to England. The remaining rump crew dismantled the armament and 16 July the cruiser was officially decommissioned, towed to Mulberry "B" near Courseulles on 20 July and scuttled as an artificial breakwater.

HMS Delhi

HMS Delhi, 11 April 1942
HMS Delhi, 11 April 1942

Delhi's interwar years

HMS Delhi was the last of the first batch. She was launched on 23 August 1918 and Commissioned on June 1919. After completion and her sea trials she was assigned to the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron, Atlantic Fleet, and sent in the Baltic to support the multinational intervention in favor of White Russians. Back home, she spent the years 1920-23 with the Atlantic Fleet before being chosen with the other cruisers of the first group to be part of the "Special Service Squadron" touring the world. When back in December 1924, she was paid off, joined the 1st Cruiser Squadron, Mediterranean Fleet (January 1925), was sent in the China Station for anti-piracy patrols and back to the Mediterranean, followed by a refit in Malta's drydock.

On 15 November 1925, Delhi left Malta with HMAS Sydney and Adelaide to take part in the "southern skies" goodwill cruise touring Ceylon, Fremantle, Hobart, Jervis Bay, and Sydney, and then Christchurch and Wellington. later she was based in the Caribbean station, 8th Cruiser Squadron (America and West Indies). She acted against local insurgents on Dominica, landing Royal Marines. She was flagship of the 8th Cruiser Squadron during thse operations and later operate with HMS Hood and Repulse for a West Indies tour with the brand new heavy cruisers HMS Norfolk and Dorsetshire. In 1933 she was recalled to the 3rd Cruiser Squadron, Mediterranean Fleet, Based at Malta, under command of Captain Farquhar Smith, RAN. As the Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936, HMS Delhi picked up refugees at Palma de Mallorca, Barcelona and Valencia and even engaged by the Nationalist heavy cruiser Canarias, framed and near-straddled in the process, until Canarias broke down its attempt to prey on the Republican port. Delhu was also repeteadly attacked by Nationalist aviation, only suffering near-misses.

Delhi's WW2 campaign

In September 1939, HMS Delhi just came out reserve, being overhaul soon before and fully crewed, loaded and supplied, she joined the 11th Cruiser Squadron, at Scapa Flow. Delhi was out in the North Sea when HMS Royal Oak was sunk. She resumed her blockading patrols and on the Iceland-Faroes Gap she spotted and captured the Greman freighter Rheingold. She also assisted another vessl capturing and scuttling of the blockade-runner Mecklenburg, by gunfire.

Out of Scapa again on 23 November 1939, she met HMS Caledon, Cardiff, Newcastle plus the merchant cruiser Rawalpindi during a convoy patrol, but Rawalpindi was separated from the escort, sent away by another spotting, staying with the convoy and making a valiant last stand while facing the Scharnhorst and Gneisenau. Newcastle and Delhi shadowed both battleships as soon as they were spotted, allowing a trap to be formed with the rapid approach of the Home Fleet. German Admiral Marschall eventually withdrew, evading the chase in bad weather to Wilhelmshaven.

Back to Malta, Mediterranean, in March 1940, HMS Delhi was part of Force H, and took part in patrols against Vichy shipping, and Italian forces between Italy and North Africa. She was later assigned to Force M, Freetown, West Africa to patrol and escort convoys through the South Atlantic. Delhi and Dragon took part together in Operation Menace the attack on Vichy-held Dakar, shelling French positions and shore batteries, shipping, and patrolling waters. She went on afterwards to her routine of trade protection in the South Atlantic.

In May-December 1941, HMS Delhi was overhauled in Brooklyn NyD as British Yards were at full capacity. She was refitted as an anti-aircraft cruiser, her main feature being the replacement of her main artillery by five 5-inch/38 calibre guns originally intended USS Edison, transferred to HMS Delhi on the direct instructions from President F.D.Roosevelt, notably as a good will gesture to Britain. With this modern, new dual purpose main armament quite unique at the time, she took part in all Mediterranean Amphibious Operations that followed in 1944, in shore bombardment and AA support. She operated off Algiers, Sicily, Salerno and Anzio. Starting with Operation Totch, on 20 November 1942, she was damaged by enemy action, in Algiers Bay, attacked by Italian aircraft. She los her prow in an explosion, killing two crewmen and wounding many more. This damage was serious enough for her to be sent back to UK for repairs, taking her out of action until April 1943.

On 3 September 1943, while preparing before the Salerno landing operation (Operation Avalanche), she collided with HMS Uganda in the Straits of Messina, whilst laying a smokescreen. The damage was light enough to be repaired at sea so she could support the landings and provide AA cover. Delhi took later part also in Operation Shingle, and later to Operation Dragoon in the South of France. She remained afterwards in the Mediterranean, patrolling along the Italian coast, and later Adriatic. This was in this occasion that she was on 12 February 1945 attacked by German explosive motorboats in Split, Croatia whereas the the German surrender took place three months earlier on her very decks. Instead of hitting the cruiser, these devices hit the AA Landing Craft LCF-8 alongside, but the blast nevertheless damaged her rudder, dislodged a propeller shaft bracket. Back to Britain, she was laid up and sold on 22 January 1948, BU at Cashmore, Newport, Wales, in April 1948.

HMS Diomede


HMS DIOMEDE, 12 June 1943

HMS Diomede, laid down in Vickers Armstrong (Barrow-in-Furness) by mid-1918. After launch, in 1919, work was suspended as per post-war reassessments. She was untilamtely greenlight for completion, which took place on 22 Feb. 1922 towed to the Royal Dockyard in Portsmouth. HMS Diomede was the only one to have a on "A" a fully enclosed, experimental 6-inch turret mounting. HMS Enteprise had the same, but twin. The admiralty also discussed to converted her as a royal yacht but this went to nil.

After commission with the 5th Light Cruiser Squadron, she was based in the China Station from 1922 to 1925. At the time, she was transferred to the New Zealand Division at Devonport, until 1935; She received in between an overhaul and refit 1929-1930. Aprt her training routine she assisted in 1931 Napier in New Zealand after the Hawkes Bay earthquake. She supplied medical personnel, equipment, guards and firemen with HMS Dunedin. She also assisted the damaged sloop Veronica to Auckland. This was under Commander Victor Crutchley, a future WW2 Pacific Campaign admiral.

HMS Dunedin, Honolulu 11 February 1927
HMS Dunedin, Honolulu 11 February 1927

Diomede and Dunedin only departed the New Zealand Division when notified to their replacement by recent Leander-class cruisers. In 1935, HMS Diomede departed for Britain and was paid off, placed in reserve upon arrival. She was reactivated during the Abyssinian Crisis, assigned to the 4th Light Cruiser Squadron, East Indies (Base Aden) if receiving an order from the Government to blockade the Italians. HMS Achilles replaced her on 31 March 1936 and until 1939 she was replaced in reserve, acting however in between as troop ship.

HMS Diomede was reactivated and on 3 September 1939 was assigned to the 7th Cruiser Squadron, Home Fleet, tasked of the Northern Patrol, a blockading force. Later she was assigned to the 8th Cruiser Squadron on the America and West Indies Station, for shipping protection notably. In July 1940, the degrading situation in the Mediterranean forced the 7th Cruiser Squadron to this theater. On 8 December 1940 she spotted and caught the German blockade runner Idarwald from Tampico off Mexico. The freighter was scuttled off Cabo Corrientes in Cuba, observed by US destroyer USS Sturtevant. She was back in the Mediterranean in 1941, participating in convoy escorts, sometimes attacked but never seriously threatened.

In early 1942, HMS Diomede was reaffected to the 9th Cruiser Squadron, South Atlantic & West African Squadron. An assessment of her general condition led to her early retirement: In June, she sailed to Rosyth Dockyard, to be converted from 22 July 1942 to 24 September 1943, into a training ship, with new accomodations and reduced armament. In 1944, she was placed in reserve and on 5 April 1946, sold for scrap (Arnott Young of Dalmuir), BU in May 1946.

HMS Dunedin

HMS Dunedin in the 1920s, Alan Green Coll
HMS Dunedin in the 1920s, Alan Green Coll.

HMS Dunedin was laid down at Armstrong Withworth yards on 5 November 1917, launched on 19 November 1918 and completed at Hawthorn Leslie and Company, and then Commissioned on 13 September 1919. As a cruiser of the second group, she had a raised forecastle and a trawler bow.

She basically had the same service records as HMS Diomede, as she served alongside in the same 5th Light Cruiser Squadron in China and New Zealand, 4th station at home, and in October 1920 assured protection of the unloading of munitions intended for Poland, at Danzig, with three other ships. In 1931 like he sister she carried out an humanitarian mission to the devastated twon of Napier in New Zealand after an earthquake, alongside the sloop Veronica. She was placed in reserve in 1935, but was reactivated in 1939 as the war was looming.

HMS Dunedin's wartime carrer was short: She patrolled northern waters with the 7th CS, taking part in the hunt for the German battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau after the latter sunk the Rawalpindi. In early 1940, HMS Dunedin was in the Caribbean Sea, intercepting the German merchant ship Heidelberg, west of the Windward Passage. Her crew scuttled their own ship before surrendring. Dunedin and the Canadian destroyer HMCS Assiniboine intercepted a few days later the German merchant ship Hannover, near Jamaica. This time the latter was captured intact and was returned to the UK. It was soon decided to convert her into an experimental escort aircraft carrier, HMS Audacity. In July-November 1940, HMS Dunedin and Trinidad blockade Vichy-French Martinique in the western Carribean, notably to avoid three French warships to be back home, notably the aircraft carrier Béarn. Nothing much happened in December 1940 to June 1941 but other patrol and escort missions in the Atlantic.

HMS Dunedin in Australia, interwar
HMS Dunedin in Australia, interwar

On 15 June 1941, HMS Dunedin captured the German tanker Lothringen and her boarding party spotted and captured classified Enigma cipher machines, brought back to the Admiralty promptly. Lothringen was reconditioned by the Royal Navy later as the fleet oiler HMS Empire Salvage. Dunedin also hunted for Vichy French vessels and captured along the way the liner Ville de Rouen off Natal, the Ville de Tamatave east of the Saint Paul's Rocks, and the sloop D'Entrecasteaux. However, while she was operating in the Central Atlantic Ocean, still off St. Paul's Rocks (NE Recife, Brazil), on 24 November 1941, she was spotted and ambushed at 15:26 hours taking tow torpedoes out of a full volley of six from U-124. The impact was enough to flooded her massively and so quickly she capsized and sunk, leaving just thosed in the superstructures and deck alive, four officers and 63 men. All the rest perished, went to the bottom. The survivors derived from some time before being recued.

HMS Despatch

HMS Despatch 22 July 1942
HMS Despatch 22 July 1942

The last ever cruiser or RN ship of that name was laid down by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, on 8 July 1918, launched on 24 September 1919, and then towed to Chatham Dockyard for completion on 15 June 1922, commissioned on 2 June. She had an uneventful interwar carreer, alternating between stations in China, American and Carribean, and home waters. She was overhauled twice in between and was placed in reserve in 1936, reactivated in 1939 and fully recommissioned when the war broke out.

HMS Despatch had possibly one of the most "cushy" career of all Britush cruisers, at first operating in the South Atlantic in late 1939, capturing the German freighter SS Düsseldorf and later the merchant ship Troja. The latter scuttled herself however and could not be captured. She was sent in the Mediterranean in the summer of 1940 to bolster the RN there after Italy went at war. She escorted convoys from late 1940, but took part in Operation White (An aircraft reinforcement convoy to Malta, 17 November, escorting HMS Argus) and later the Battle of Cape Spartivento as part of Force "B", sub-unit of Force "H" (base Gibraltar) which was not fired upon, nor had the occasion to fire either. Force H at the time comprised HMS Ark Royal, HMS Valiant and Resolution, HMS Arethusa, Delhi, Enterprise and the destroyers HMS Faulknor, Forester, Foresight, Foxhound, Fearless, Escapade, Active and Wrestler.

On 18 February 1943, still operating patrols and escorts in the Mediterranean, at 13.45 hrs HMS Despatch intercepted the Spanish Monte Naranco, sent a boarding party so she was placed with an armed guard aboard and escorted by the Greek destroyer Adrias to Gibraltar. At the end of 1943 she was sent back to UK for an overhaul.

In 1944 she resumed her escort missions, thus time in the Atlantic. In June she was present off the coast of Normandy for action (Commander R.T. White), bringinf artillery support for a week. Later she became the headquarters ship for the Mulberry harbours, anchored at Mulberry 'B'. She hosted the visit of H.M. King George VI. Specialized as a permament Mulberry harbor HQ Ship all her guns were removed, replaced with sixteen Bofors 40 mm AA, all manned by army gunners (127th Queen's Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment of the Royal Artillery). She received new acomodations as well. There, she was used to Control traffic, during the building and later exploitation of the Mulberry Harbour at Arromanches.

After this, she was sent back to UK in late 1944 and reduced to reserve in January 1945. She was sold for BU on 5 April 1946 and scrapped by the yards of Arnott Young, Troon, Scotland, on 5 May 1946.

HMS Durban

HMS Durban, 8 October 1942
HMS Durban, 8 October 1942

HMS Durban was laid down at Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Greenock on January 1918, launched on 29 May 1919, Completed by Devonport Dockyard and Commissioned on 1 November 1921. Initially assigned to the China Station, 5th Light Cruiser Squadron from January 1922 she served there until 1928; By that time she was reassigned and transferred to the America and West Indies Station, in Bermuda. There, she received a new crewman, Prince George, Duke of Kent (fourth son of King George V and Queen Mary), as a watch-keeping Lieutenant.

In 1930, Durban sailed back Britain for a short overhaul, and from 1931, she was assigned to the South Atlantic Division. From December 1933, she was relieved by HMS York and was sent back to home waters, until March 1934, as she was prompted to Gibraltar, and the Mediterranean Fleet, until 1936, but not seeing the start of the Spanish civil war as she was sent before back to UK to be placed in reserve in September 1936.

From September 1939, HMS Durban, fully reactivated a few days prior and now recommissioned, was assigned to the 9th Cruiser Squadron as flagship in the South Atlantic station. Althiugh she played no part in the hunt for Graf Spee in december, from March 1940, she operated in the Indian Ocean. She was later transferred to the Eastern Fleet, Singapore. She became part of the "British Malaysian Force" with two sister ships, Danae and Dauntless.Their task was to intercept German merchant ships operating trying to escape from Dutch East Indies harbours. Durban patrolled off Padang when on 10 November 1940 she received new that the Norwegian tanker Ole Jacob was attacked by the German raider Atlantis on her Ceylon-Sumatra road. The British Malaysian Force (BMF) HQ immediately assembled the fleet, with Durban, Capetown and HMAS Canberra, in addition to the armed merchant cruiser (AMC) HMS Westralia as a hunting group to search for KMS Atlantis. However after several days of searching they were unable to locate the German raider.

In January 1941 HMS Durban and Dragon escorted convoys between Singapore and the Sunda Strait and from February 1941, Durban escorted the ocean liner SS Queen Mary carrying the entire Second Australian Imperial Force troops to reinforce Malaya, in Singapore. In November 1941 she escorted mid-way for her last leg the troopship Zealandia also to Singapore, relieving HMAS Sydney escorting Zealandia mid-way from Fremantle in Australia. She was to spent Christmas 1941 in overhaul, soon interrupted by the attack on pearl Harbor.

In February 1942, Durban was escorting the Eastern Fleet to Java when the Japanese attacked Singapore. She was among the last cruisers here. Japanese bombers soon squared on her, straddled, bombed and damaged by ner-misses before she could leave. On 12 February however she was at sea, with the ASW vessel Kedah, escorting Empire Star and Gorgon out of Singapore. Along the way, her AA crews were jard at work trying to repel successive Japanese air attacks. It went on for four hours of constant raids. Again, the ships were straddled and near-missed, but none were sunk.

on 13 February, the convoy which carried thousands of refugeeds fleeing Singapore at last reached Tandjong Priok, Batavia, to be safely landed. HMS Durban by then hosted Admiral Thomas C. Hart and departed on 16 February to escort another merchantman, Plancius, carrying other Singamore refugees to Colombo. Durban had temporary repairs, due to her battle damage since Singapore. She was seaworthy enough to head for New York (April 1942), entering drydock for full repairs.

HMS Durban went to Britain to be modernized next in Portsmouth in June-August 1942. From then, she was tasked or more escort missions, operating with convoys from Britain to South Africa. On 8 December 1942 however she was grounded in the entrance to Mombasa harbour. Refloating, she was drydocked in Bombay. In February 1943, back to New York NyD for additional repairs she was back in June 1943 to her South Africa station. She was docked at Simonstown, and joined the Eastern Fleet.

By November 1943, she returned to Britain and due to her age, was paid off, into reserve. She was in 1944 one of the old ships selected to be scuttled as breakwater, for the Mulberry constructed to help supplying allied forces during the Battle of Normandy. On 9 June, she was towed in place, then scuttled at the Gooseberry 5 breakwater, off Ouistreham (Seine Bay). The wreck is still there today, 11 metres (36 ft) deep.


D class ships sunk in the Gooseberry 5 off Ouistreham artificial's harbour


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❢ Abbreviations & acronyms
    AAAnti-Aircraft
    AAW// warfare
    AASAmphibious Assault Ship
    AdmAdmiral
    AEWAirbone early warning
    AGAir Group
    AFVArmored Fighting Vehicle
    AMGBarmoured motor gunboat
    APArmor Piercing
    APCArmored Personal Carrier
    ASAntisubmarine
    ASMAir-to-surface Missile
    ASMDAnti Ship Missile Defence
    ASROCASW Rockets
    ASWAnti Submarine Warfare
    ASWRLASW Rocket Launcher
    ATWahead thrown weapon
    avgasAviation Gasoline
    awAbove Waterline
    AWACSAirborne warning & control system
    BBBattleship
    bhpbrake horsepower
    BLBreach-loader (gun)
    BLRBreach-loading, Rifled (gun)
    BUBroken Up
    ccirca
    CAArmoured/Heavy cruiser
    Capt.Captain
    CalCaliber or ".php"
    CGMissile Cruiser
    CICCombat Information Center
    C-in-CCommander in Chief
    CIWSClose-in weapon system
    CECompound Expansion (engine)
    ChChantiers ("Yard", FR)
    CLCruiser, Light
    cmcentimeter(s)
    CMBCoastal Motor Boat
    CMSCoastal Minesweeper
    CNOChief of Naval Operations
    CpCompound (armor)
    CoCompany
    COBCompound Overhad Beam
    CODAGCombined Diesel & Gas
    CODOGCombined Diesel/Gas
    COGAGCombined Gas and Gas
    COGOGCombined Gas/Gas
    commcommissioned
    compcompleted
    convconverted
    convlconventional
    COSAGCombined Steam & Gas
    CRCompound Reciprocating
    CRCRSame, connecting rod
    CruDivCruiser Division
    CPControlled Pitch
    CTConning Tower
    CTLconstructive total loss
    CTOLConv. Take off & landing
    CTpCompound Trunk
    cucubic
    CylCylinder(s)
    CVAircraft Carrier
    CVA// Attack
    CVE// Escort
    CVL// Light
    CVS// ASW support
    cwtHundredweight
    DADirect Action
    DASHDrone ASW Helicopter
    DCDepht Charge
    DCT// Track
    DCR// Rack
    DCT// Thrower
    DDDestroyer/drydock
    DEDouble Expansion
    DEDestroyer Escort
    DDE// Converted
    DesRonDestroyer Squadron
    DFDouble Flux
    D/FDirection(finding)
    DPDual Purpose
    DUKWAmphibious truck
    DyDDockyard
    EOCElswick Ordnance Co.
    ECMElectronic Warfare
    ESMElectronic support measure
    FFarenheit
    FCSFire Control System
    FFFrigate
    fpsFeet Per Second
    ftFeets
    FYFiscal Year
    galgallons
    GMMetacentric Height
    GPMGGeneral Purpose Machine-gun
    GRPFiberglass
    GRTGross Tonnage
    GUPPYGreater Underwater Prop.Pow.
    HAHigh Angle
    HCHorizontal Compound
    HCR// Reciprocating
    HCDA// Direct Acting
    HCDCR// connecting rod
    HDA// direct acting
    HDAC// acting compound
    HDAG// acting geared
    HDAR// acting reciprocating
    HDMLHarbor def. Motor Launch
    H/FHigh Frequency
    HF/DF// Directional Finding
    HMSHer Majesty Ship
    HNHarvey Nickel
    HNCHorizontal non-condensing hp
    HPHigh Pressure
    hphorizontal
    HQHeadquarter
    HRHorizontal reciprocating
    HRCR// connecting rod
    HSHarbor Service
    HS(E)Horizontal single (expansion)
    HSET// trunk
    HTHorizontal trunk
    HTE// expansion
    ICInverted Compound
    IDAInverted direct acting
    IFFIdentification Friend or Foe
    ihpindicated horsepower
    IMFInshore Minesweeper
    inInche(s)
    ircironclad
    KCKrupp, cemented
    kgKilogram
    KNC// non cemented
    kmKilometer
    kt(s)Knot(s)
    kwkilowatt
    ibpound(s)
    LALow Angle
    LCLanding Craft
    LCA// Assault
    LCAC// Air Cushion
    LFC// Flak (AA)
    LCG// Gunboat
    LCG(L)/// Large
    LCG(M)/// Medium
    LCG(S)/// Small
    LCI// Infantry
    LCM// Mechanized
    LCP// Personel
    LCP(R)/// Rocket
    LCS// Support
    LCT// Tanks
    LCV// Vehicles
    LCVP/// Personal
    LCU// Utility
    locolocomotive (boiler)
    LSCLanding ship, support
    LSD// Dock
    LSF// Fighter (direction)
    LSM// Medium
    LSS// Stern chute
    LST// Tank
    LSV// Vehicle
    LPlow pressure
    lwllenght waterline
    mmetre(s)
    MModel
    MA/SBmotor AS boat
    maxmaximum
    MGMachine Gun
    MGBMotor Gunboat
    MLSMinelayer/Sweeper
    MLMotor Launch
    MMSMotor Minesweper
    MTMilitary Transport
    MTBMotor Torpedo Boat
    HMGHeavy Machine Gun
    MCM(V)Mine countermeasure Vessel
    minminute(s)
    MkMark
    MLMuzzle loading
    MLR// rifled
    MSOOcean Minesweeper
    mmmillimetre
    NCnon condensing
    nhpnominal horsepower
    nmNautical miles
    Number
    NBC/ABCNuc. Bact. Nuclear
    NSNickel steel
    NTDSNav.Tactical Def.System
    NyDNaval Yard
    oaOverall
    OPVOffshore Patrol Vessel
    PCPatrol Craft
    PDMSPoint Defence Missile System
    pdrpounder
    ppperpendicular
    psipounds per square inch
    PVDSPropelled variable-depth sonar
    QFQuick Fire
    QFC// converted
    RAdmRear Admiral
    RCRadio-control/led
    RCRreturn connecting rod
    recRectangular
    revRevolver
    RFRapid Fire
    RPCRemote Control
    rpgRound per gun
    SAMSurface to air Missile
    SARSearch Air Rescue
    sbSmoothbore
    SBShip Builder
    SCSub-chaser (hunter)
    SSBNBallistic Missile sub.Nuclear
    SESimple Expansion
    SET// trunk
    SGSteeple-geared
    shpShaft horsepower
    SHsimple horizontal
    SOSUSSound Surv. System
    SPRsimple pressure horiz.
    sqsquare
    SSSubmarine (Conv.)
    SSMSurface-surface Missile
    subsubmerged
    sfsteam frigate
    SLBMSub.Launched Ballistic Missile
    spfsteam paddle frigate
    STOVLShort Take off/landing
    SUBROCSub.Fired ASW Rocket
    tton, long (short in bracket)
    TACANTactical Air Nav.
    TBTorpedo Boat
    TBD// destroyer
    TCTorpedo carriage
    TETriple expansion
    TER// reciprocating
    TFTask Force
    TGBTorpedo gunboat
    TGTask Group
    TLTorpedo launcher
    TLC// carriage
    TNTTrinitroluene
    TSTraining Ship
    TTTorpedo Tube
    UDTUnderwater Demolition Team
    UHFUltra High Frequency
    VadmVice Admiral
    VCVertical compound
    VCE// expansion
    VDE/ double expansion
    VDSVariable Depth Sonar
    VIC/ inverted compound
    VLFVery Low Frequency
    VQL/ quadruple expansion
    VSTOLVertical/short take off/landing
    VTE/ triple expansion
    VTOLVertical take off/landing
    VSE/ Simple Expansion
    wksWorks
    wlwaterline
    WTWireless Telegraphy
    xnumber of
    YdYard
    Organizations
    GIUKGreenland-Iceland-UK
    BuShipsBureau of Ships
    DBMGerman Navy League
    GBGreat Britain
    DNCDirectorate of Naval Construction
    EEZExclusive Economic Zone
    FAAFleet Air Arm
    FNFLFree French Navy
    JMSDFJap.Mar.Self-Def.Force
    MDAPMutual Def.Assistance Prog.
    MSAMaritime Safety Agency
    NATO
    RAFRoyal Air Force
    RANRoyal Australian Navy
    RCNRoyal Canadian Navy
    R&DResearch & Development
    RNRoyal Navy
    RNZNRoyal New Zealand Navy
    ussrUnion of Socialist Republics
    UE/EECEuropean Union/Comunity
    UNUnited Nations Org.
    USNUnited States Navy
    WaPacWarsaw Pact

⛶ Pre-Industrial Eras

☀ Introduction
☀ Neolithic to bronze age
⚚ Antique
⚜ Medieval
⚜ Renaissance
⚜ Enlightenment

⚔ Naval Battles

⚔ Pre-Industrial Battles ☍ See the page
  • Salamis
  • Cape Ecnomus
  • Actium
  • Red Cliffs
  • Battle of the Masts
  • Yamen
  • Lake Poyang
  • Lepanto
  • Vyborg Bay
  • Svensksund
  • Trafalgar
  • Sinope
⚔ Industrial Era Battles ☍ See the page
⚔ WW1 Naval Battles ☍ See the Page
⚔ WW2 Naval Battles ☍ See the Page

⚔ Crimean War

Austrian Navy ☍ See the page
French Navy ☍ See the page
    Screw Ships of the Line
  • Navarin class (1854)
  • Duquesne class (1853)
  • Fleurus class (1853)
  • Montebello (1852)
  • Austerlitz (1852)
  • Jean Bart (1852)
  • Charlemagne (1851)
  • Napoleon (1850)
  • Sailing Ships of the Line
  • Valmy (1847)
  • Ocean class (1805)
  • Hercules class (1836)
  • Iéna class (1814)
  • Jupiter (1831)
  • Duperré (1840)
  • Screw Frigates
  • Pomone (1845)
  • Isly (1849)
  • Bellone (1853)
  • D’Assas class (1854)
  • Screw Corvettes
  • Primauguet class (1852)
  • Roland (1850)
Royal Navy ☍ See the page
  • Duke of Wellington
  • Conqueror (1855)
  • Marlborough (1855)
  • Royal Albert (1854)
  • St Jean D’Acre (1853)
  • Waterloo (1833
  • Sailing ships of the Line
  • Sailing Frigates
  • Sailing Corvettes
  • Screw two deckers
  • Screw frigates
  • Screw Corvettes
  • Screw guard ships
  • Paddle frigates
  • Paddle corvettes
  • Screw sloops
  • Paddle sloops
  • Screw gunboats
  • Brigs

⚑ 1870 Fleets

Spanish Navy 1870 Armada Espanola ☍ See the Page
  • Numancia (1863)
  • Tetuan (1863)
  • Vitoria (1865)
  • Arapiles (1864)
  • Zaragosa (1867)
  • Sagunto (1869)
  • Mendez Nunez (1869)
  • Spanish wooden s. frigates (1861-65)
  • Frigate Tornado (1865)
  • Frigate Maria de Molina (1868)
  • Spanish sail gunboats (1861-65)
Austro-Hungarian Navy 1870 K.u.K. Kriegsmarine
Danish Navy 1870 Dansk Marine
  • Dannebrog (1863)
  • Peder Skram (1864)
  • Danmark (1864)
  • Rolf Krake (1864)
  • Lindormen (1868)

  • Jylland CR (1860)
  • Tordenskjold CR (1862)
  • Dagmar SP (1861)
  • Absalon class GB (1862)
  • Fylla class GB (1863)
Hellenic Navy 1870 Nautiko Hellenon
  • Basileos Giorgios (1867)
  • Basilisa Olga (1869)
  • Sloop Hellas (1861)
Koninklije Marine 1870 Koninklije Marine 1870
  • Dutch Screw Frigates & corvettes
  • De Ruyter Bd Ironclad (1863)
  • Prins H. der Neth. Turret ship (1866)
  • Buffel class turret rams (1868)
  • Skorpioen class turret rams (1868)
  • Heiligerlee class Monitors (1868)
  • Bloedhond class Monitors (1869)
  • Adder class Monitors (1870)
  • A.H.Van Nassau Frigate (1861)
  • A.Paulowna Frigate (1867)
  • Djambi class corvettes (1860)
  • Amstel class Gunboats (1860)
Marine Française 1870 Marine Nationale ☍ See the Page
  • Screw 3-deckers (1850-58)
  • Screw 2-deckers (1852-59)
  • Screw Frigates (1849-59)
  • Conv. sailing frigates
  • Screw Corvettes (1846-59)
  • Screw Fl. Batteries (1855)
  • Paddle Frigates
  • Paddle Corvettes
  • screw sloops
  • screw gunboats
  • Sailing ships of the line
  • Sailing frigates
  • Sailing corvettes
  • Sailing bricks


  • Gloire class Bd. Ironclads (1859)
  • Couronne Bd. Ironclad (1861)
  • Magenta class Bd. Ironclads (1861)
  • Palestro class Flt. Batteries (1862)
  • Arrogante class Flt. Batteries (1864)
  • Provence class Bd. Ironclads (1864)
  • Embuscade class Flt. Batteries (1865)
  • Taureau arm. ram (1865)
  • Belliqueuse Bd. Ironclad (1865)
  • Alma Cent. Bat. Ironclads (1867)
  • Ocean class CT Battery ship (1868)


  • Cosmao class cruisers (1861)
  • Talisman cruisers (1862)
  • Resolue cruisers (1863)
  • Venus class cruisers (1864)
  • Decres cruiser (1866)
  • Desaix cruiser (1866)
  • Limier class cruisers (1867)
  • Linois cruiser (1867)
  • Chateaurenault cruiser (1868)
  • Infernet class Cruisers (1869)
  • Bourayne class Cruisers (1869)
  • Cruiser Hirondelle (1869)

  • Curieux class sloops (1860)
  • Adonis class sloops (1863)
  • Guichen class sloops (1865)
  • Sloop Renard (1866)
  • Bruix class sloops (1867)
  • Pique class gunboats (1862)
  • Hache class gunboats (1862)
  • Arbalete class gunboats (1866)
  • Etendard class gunboats (1868)
  • Revolver class gunboats (1869)
Marinha do Brasil 1870 Marinha do Brasil
  • Barrozo class (1864)
  • Brasil (1864)
  • Tamandare (1865)
  • Lima Barros (1865)
  • Rio de Janeiro (1865)
  • Silvado (1866)
  • Mariz E Barros class (1866)
  • Carbal class (1866)
Turkish Ottoman navy 1870 Osmanlı Donanması
  • Osmanieh class Bd.Ironclads (1864)
  • Assari Tewfik (1868)
  • Assari Shevket class Ct. Ironclads (1868)
  • Lufti Djelil class CDS (1868)
  • Avni Illah class cas.ironclads (1869)
  • Fethi Bulend class cas.ironclads (1870)
  • Barbette ironclad Idjalleh (1870)
  • Messudieh class Ct.Bat.ships (1874)
  • Hamidieh Ct.Bat.Ironclads (1885)
  • Abdul Kadir Battleships (project)

  • Frigate Ertrogul (1863)
  • Selimieh (1865)
  • Rehberi Tewkik (1875)
  • Mehmet Selim (1876)
  • Sloops & despatch vessels
Turkish Ottoman navy 1870 Marina Do Peru
  • Monitor Atahualpa (1865)
  • CT. Bat Independencia (1865)
  • Turret ship Huascar (1865)
  • Frigate Apurimac (1855)
  • Corvette America (1865)
  • Corvette Union (1865)
Portuguese Navy 1870 Marinha do Portugal
  • Bartolomeu Dias class (28-guns) steam frigates
  • Sagris (14 guns) steam corvette
  • Vasco Da Gama (74 guns) Ship of the Line
  • Dom Fernando I e Gloria (50) Sailing Frigate
  • Dom Joao I class (14 guns) Sailing corvettes
  • Portuguese Side-wheel steamers
Regia Marina 1870 Regia Marina 1870
Imperial Japanese navy 1870 Nihhon Kaigun 1870
  • Ironclad Ruyjo (1868)
  • Ironclad Kotetsu (1868)
  • Frigate Fujiyama (1864)
  • Frigate Kasuga (1863)
  • Corvette Asama (1869)
  • Gunboat Raiden (1856)
  • Gunboat Chiyodogata (1863)
  • Teibo class GB (1866)
  • Gunboat Mushun (1865)
  • Gunboat Hosho (1868)
Prussian Navy 1870 Preußische Marine 1870
  • Prinz Adalbert (1864)
  • Arminius (1864)
  • Friedrich Carl (1867)
  • Kronprinz (1867)
  • K.Whilhelm (1868)
  • Arcona class Frigates (1858)
  • Nymphe class Frigates (1863)
  • Augusta class Frigates (1864)
  • Jäger class gunboats (1860)
  • Chamaleon class gunboats (1860)
Russian mperial Navy 1870 Russkiy Flot 1870
  • Ironclad Sevastopol (1864)
  • Ironclad Petropavlovsk (1864)
  • Ironclad Smerch (1864)
  • Pervenetz class (1863)
  • Charodeika class (1867)
  • Admiral Lazarev class (1867)
  • Ironclad Kniaz Pojarski (1867)
  • Bronenosetz class monitors (1867)
  • Admiral Chichagov class (1868)
  • S3D Imperator Nicolai I (1860)
  • S3D Sinop (1860)
  • S3D Tsessarevich (1860)
  • Russian screw two-deckers (1856-59)
  • Russian screw frigates (1854-61)
  • Russian screw corvettes (1856-60)
  • Russian screw sloops (1856-60)
  • Varyag class Corvettes (1862)
  • Almaz class Sloops (1861)
  • Opyt TGBT (1861)
  • Sobol class TGBT (1863)
  • Pishtchal class TGBT (1866)
Swedish Navy 1870 Svenska marinen
  • Ericsson class monitors (1865)
  • Frigate Karl XIV (1854)
  • Frigate Stockholm (1856)
  • Corvette Gefle (1848)
  • Corvette Orädd (1853)
Norwegian Navy 1870 Søværnet
  • Skorpionen class (1866)
  • Frigate Stolaf (1856)
  • Frigate Kong Sverre (1860)
  • Frigate Nordstjerna (1862)
  • Frigate Vanadis (1862)
  • Glommen class gunboats (1863)
Union Union Navy ☍ See the Page
Confederate Confederate Navy ☍ See the Page
Union 'Old Navy'(1865-1885) ☍ See the Page
  • Dunderberg Bd Ironclad (1865)
  • Wampanoag class frigates (1864)
  • Frigate Chattanooga & Idaho (1864)
  • Frigate Idaho (1864)
  • Java class frigates (1865)
  • Contookook class frigates (1865)
  • Frigate Trenton (1876)
  • Swatara class sloops (1865)
  • Alaska class sloops (1868)
  • Galena class sloops (1873)
  • Enterprise class sloops (1874)
  • Alert class sloops (1873)
  • Alarm torpedo ram (1873)
  • Intrepid torpedo ram (1874)

⚑ 1890 Fleets

Argentinian Navy 1898 Armada de Argentina
  • Parana class (1873)
  • La Plata class (1875)
  • Pilcomayo class (1875)
  • Ferre class (1880)
Austro-Hungarian Navy 1898 K.u.K. Kriegsmarine
  • Custoza (1872)
  • Erzherzog Albrecht (1872)
  • Kaiser (1871)
  • Kaiser Max class (1875)
  • Tegetthoff (1878)

  • Radetzky(ii) class (1872)
  • SMS Donau(ii) (1874)
  • SMS Donau(iii) (1893)

  • Erzherzog Friedrich class (1878)
  • Saida (1878)
  • Fasana (1870)
  • Aurora class (1873)
Chinese Imperial Navy 1898 Imperial Chinese Navy
  • Hai An class frigates (1872)
Danish Navy 1898 Dansk Marine
  • Tordenskjold (1880)
  • Iver Hvitfeldt (1886)
  • Skjold (1896)
  • Cruiser Fyen (1882)
  • Cruiser Valkyrien (1888)
Hellenic Navy 1898 Nautiko Hellenon
  • Spetsai class (1889)
  • Nauarchos Miaoulis (1889)
  • Greek Torpedo Boats (1881-85)
  • Greek Gunboats (1861-84)
Haitian Navy 1914Marine Haitienne
  • Gunboat St Michael (1970)
  • Gunboat "1804" (1875)
  • Gunboat Dessalines (1883)
  • Gunboat Toussaint Louverture (1886)
Koninklije Marine 1898 Koninklije Marine
  • Konigin der Netherland (1874)
  • Draak, monitor (1877)
  • Matador, monitor (1878)
  • R. Claeszen, monitor (1891)
  • Evertsen class CDS (1894)
  • Atjeh class cruisers (1876)
  • Cruiser Sumatra (1890)
  • Cruiser K.W. Der. Neth (1892)
  • Banda class Gunboats (1872)
  • Pontania class Gunboats (1873)
  • Gunboat Aruba (1873)
  • Hydra Gunboat class (1873)
  • Batavia class Gunboats (1877)
  • Wodan Gunboat class (1877)
  • Ceram class Gunboats (1887)
  • Combok class Gunboats (1891)
  • Borneo Gunboat (1892)
  • Nias class Gunboats (1895)
  • Koetei class Gunboats (1898)
  • Dutch sloops (1864-85)
Marine Française 1898 Marine Nationale ☍ See the Page
  • Friedland CT Battery ship (1873)
  • Richelieu CT Battery ship (1873)
  • Colbert class CT Battery ships (1875)
  • Redoutable CT Battery ship (1876)
  • Courbet class CT Battery ships (1879)
  • Amiral Duperre barbette ship (1879)
  • Terrible class barbette ships (1883)
  • Amiral Baudin class barbette ships (1883)
  • Barbette ship Hoche (1886)
  • Marceau class barbette ships (1888)

  • Cerbere class Arm.Ram (1870)
  • Tonnerre class Br.Monitors (1875)
  • Tempete class Br.Monitors (1876)
  • Tonnant ironclad (1880)
  • Furieux ironclad (1883)
  • Fusee class Arm.Gunboats (1885)
  • Acheron class Arm.Gunboats (1885)
  • Jemmapes class (1892)
  • Bouvines class (1892)

  • La Galissonière Cent. Bat. Ironclads (1872)
  • Bayard class barbette ships (1879)
  • Vauban class barbette ships (1882)
  • Prot. Cruiser Sfax (1884)
  • Prot. Cruiser Tage (1886)
  • Prot. Cruiser Amiral Cécille (1888)
  • Prot. Cruiser Davout (1889)
  • Forbin class Cruisers (1888)
  • Troude class Cruisers (1888)
  • Alger class Cruisers (1891)
  • Friant class Cruisers (1893)
  • Prot. Cruiser Suchet (1893)
  • Descartes class Cruisers (1893)
  • Linois class Cruisers (1896)
  • D'Assas class Cruisers (1896)
  • Catinat class Cruisers (1896)

  • R. de Genouilly class Cruisers (1876)
  • Cruiser Duquesne (1876)
  • Cruiser Tourville (1876)
  • Cruiser Duguay-Trouin (1877)
  • Laperouse class Cruisers (1877)
  • Villars class Cruisers (1879)
  • Cruiser Iphigenie (1881)
  • Cruiser Naiade (1881)
  • Cruiser Arethuse (1882)
  • Cruiser Dubourdieu (1884)
  • Cruiser Milan (1884)

  • Parseval class sloops (1876)
  • Bisson class sloops (1874)
  • Epee class gunboats (1873)
  • Crocodile class gunboats (1874)
  • Tromblon class gunboats (1875)
  • Condor class Torpedo Cruisers (1885)
  • G. Charmes class gunboats (1886)
  • Inconstant class sloops (1887)
  • Bombe class Torpedo Cruisers (1887)
  • Wattignies class Torpedo Cruisers (1891)
  • Levrier class Torpedo Cruisers (1891)
Marinha do Brasil 1898 Marinha do Brasil
Marinha do Portugal 1898 Marinha do Portugal
Marina de Mexico 1898 Mexico
  • GB Indipendencia (1874)
  • GB Democrata (1875)
Turkish Ottoman navy 1898 Osmanlı Donanması
  • Cruiser Heibtnuma (1890)
  • Cruiser Lufti Humayun (1892)
  • Cruiser Hadevendighar (1892)
  • Shadieh class cruisers (1893)
  • Turkish TBs (1885-94)
Regia Marina 1898 Regia Marina
  • Pr. Amadeo class (1871)
  • Caio Duilio class (1879)
  • Italia class (1885)
  • Ruggero di Lauria class (1884)
  • Carracciolo (1869)
  • Vettor Pisani (1869)
  • Cristoforo Colombo (1875)
  • Flavio Goia (1881)
  • Amerigo Vespucci (1882)
  • C. Colombo (ii) (1892)
  • Pietro Micca (1876)
  • Tripoli (1886)
  • Goito class (1887)
  • Folgore class (1887)
  • Partenope class (1889)
  • Giovanni Bausan (1883)
  • Etna class (1885)
  • Dogali (1885)
  • Piemonte (1888)
  • Staffeta (1876)
  • Rapido (1876)
  • Barbarigo class (1879)
  • Messagero (1885)
  • Archimede class (1887)
  • Guardiano class GB (1874)
  • Scilla class GB (1874)
  • Provana class GB (1884)
  • Curtatone class GB (1887)
  • Castore class GB (1888)
Imperial Japanese navy 1898 Nihhon Kaigun
  • Ironclad Fuso (1877)
  • Kongo class Ironclads (1877)

  • Cruiser Tsukushi (1880)
  • Cruiser Takao (1888)
  • Cruiser Yaeyama (1889)
  • Cruiser Chishima (1890)
  • Cruiser Tatsuta (1894)
  • Cruiser Miyako (1898)

  • Frigate Nisshin (1869)
  • Frigate Tsukuba (acq.1870)
  • Kaimon class CVT (1882)
  • Katsuragi class SCVT (1885)
  • Sloop Seiki (1875)
  • Sloop Amagi (1877)
  • Corvette Jingei (1876)
  • Gunboat Banjo (1878)
  • Maya class GB (1886)
  • Gunboat Oshima (1891)
German Navy 1898 Kaiserliche Marine
  • Ironclad Hansa (1872)
  • G.Kurfürst class (1873)
  • Kaiser class (1874)
  • Sachsen class (1877)
  • Ironclad Oldenburg (1884)

  • Ariadne class CVT (1871)
  • Leipzig class CVT (1875)
  • Bismarck class CVT (1877)
  • Carola class CVT (1880)
  • Corvette Nixe (1885)
  • Corvette Charlotte (1885)
  • Schwalbe class Cruisers (1887)
  • Bussard class (1890)

  • Aviso Zieten (1876)
  • Blitz class Avisos (1882)
  • Aviso Greif (1886)
  • Wacht class Avisos (1887)
  • Meteor class Avisos (1890)
  • Albatross class GBT (1871)
  • Cyclop GBT (1874)
  • Otter GBT (1877)
  • Wolf class GBT (1878)
  • Habitch class GBT (1879)
  • Hay GBT (1881)
  • Eber GBT (1881)
  • Rhein class Monitors (1872)
  • Wespe class Monitors (1876)
  • Brummer class Arm.Steamers (1884)
Russian Imperial Navy 1898 Russkiy Flot
Marina do Peru Marina Do Peru
  • Lima class Cruisers (1880)
  • Chilean TBs (1879)
Swedish Navy 1898 Svenska Marinen
Norwegian Navy 1898 Søværnet
  • Lindormen (1868)
  • Gorm (1870)
  • Odin (1872)
  • Helgoland (1878)
  • Tordenskjold (1880)
  • Iver Hvitfeldt (1886)
Royal Navy 1898 Royal Navy 1898
  • Hotspur (1870)
  • Glatton (1871)
  • Devastation class (1871)
  • Cyclops class (1871)
  • Rupert (1874)
  • Neptune class (1874)
  • Dreadnought (1875)
  • Inflexible (1876)
  • Agamemnon class (1879)
  • Conqueror class (1881)
  • Colossus class (1882)
  • Admiral class (1882)
  • Trafalgar class (1887)
  • Victoria class (1890)
  • Royal Sovereign class (1891)
  • Centurion class (1892)
  • Renown (1895)

  • HMS Shannon (1875)
  • Nelson class (1876)
  • Iris class (1877)
  • Leander class (1882)
  • Imperieuse class (1883)
  • Mersey class (1885)
  • Surprise class (1885)
  • Scout class (1885)
  • Archer class (1885)
  • Orlando class (1886)
  • Medea class (1888)
  • Barracouta class (1889)
  • Barham class (1889)
  • Pearl class (1889)
  • 1870-90 Torpedo Boats
  • Spanish Navy 1898 Armada 1898
    • Ironclad Pelayo (1887)

    • Aragon class (1879)
    • Velasco class (1881)
    • Isla de Luzon (1886)
    • Alfonso XII class (1887)
    • Reina Regentes class (1887)
    • Infanta Maria Teresa class (1890)
    • Emperador Carlos V (1895)
    • Cristobal Colon (1896)
    • Princesa de Asturias class (1896)

    • Destructor class (1886)
    • Temerario class (1891)
    • TGunboat Filipinas (1892)
    • De Molina class (1896)
    • Furor class (1896)
    • Audaz class (1897)
    • Spanish TBs (1878-87)
    • Fernando class gunboats (1875)
    • Concha class gunboats (1883)
    US Navy 1898 1898 US Navy US Navy 1898☍ See the Page
    • USS Maine (1889)
    • USS Texas (1892)
    • Indiana class (1893)
    • USS Iowa (1896)

    • Amphitrite class (1876)
    • USS Puritan (1882)
    • USS Monterey (1891)

    • Atlanta class (1884)
    • USS Chicago (1885)
    • USS Charleston (1888)
    • USS Baltimore (1888)
    • USS Philadelphia (1889)
    • USS San Francisco (1889)
    • USS Newark (1890)
    • USS New York (1891)
    • USS Olympia (1892)
    • Cincinatti class (1892)
    • Montgomery class (1893)
    • Columbia class (1893)
    • USS Brooklyn (1895)

    • USS Vesuvius (1888)
    • USS Katahdin (1893)
    • USN Torpedo Boats (1886-1901)
    • GB USS Dolphin (1884)
    • Yorktown class GB (1888)
    • GB USS Petrel (1888)
    • GB USS Bancroft (1892)
    • Machias class GB (1891)
    • GB USS Nashville (1895)
    • Wilmington class GB (1895)
    • Annapolis class GB (1896)
    • Wheeling class GB (1897)
    • Small gunboats (1886-95)
    • St Louis class AMC (1894)
    • Harvard class AMC (1888)
    • USN Armoured Merchant Cruisers
    • USN Armed Yachts

    WW1

    ☉ Entente Fleets

    US ww1 US Navy ☍ See the Page
    British ww1 Royal Navy ☍ See the Page
    French ww1 Marine Nationale ☍ See the Page
    Japan ww1 Nihhon Kaigun ☍ See the Page
    Russia ww1 Russkiy Flot ☍ See the Page
    Italy ww1 Regia Marina

    ✠ Central Empires

    German Navy 1914 Kaiserliche Marine
    austria-hungary ww1 KuK Kriesgmarine
    turkey ww1 Osmanli Donmanasi
    • Barbarossa class battleships (1892)
    • Yavuz (1914)
    • Cruiser Mecidieh (1903)
    • Cruiser Hamidieh (1903)
    • Cruiser Midilli (1914)
    • Namet Torpedo cruisers (1890)
    • Sahahani Deria Torpedo cruisers (1892)
    • Destroyers class Berk-Efshan (1894)
    • Destroyers class Yarishar (1907)
    • Destroyers class Muavenet (1909)
    • Berk i Savket class Torpedo gunboats (1906)
    • Marmaris gunboat (1903)
    • Sedd ul Bahr class gunboats (1907)
    • Isa Reis class gunboats (1911)
    • Preveze class gunboats (1912)
    • Turkish WW1 Torpedo Boats
    • Turkish Armed Yachts (1861-1903)
    • Turkish WW1 Minelayers

    ⚑ Neutral Countries

    Americas
    Argentinian navy Argentina
    Brazilian Navy Brazil
    Chilean Navy 1914 Chile
    Cuban Navy 1914 Cuba
    • Gunboat Baire (1906)
    • Gunboat Patria (1911)
    • Diez de octubre class GB (1911)
    • Sloop Cuba (1911)
    Haitian Navy 1914 Haiti
    • Gunboat Dessalines (1883)
    • GB Toussaint Louverture (1886)
    • GB Capois la Mort (1893)
    • GB Crete a Pierot (1895)
    Mexican Navy Mexico
    • Cruiser Zatagosa (1891)
    • GB Plan de Guadalupe (1892)
    • Tampico class GB (1902)
    • N. Bravo class GB (1903)
    Peruvian Navy 1914 Peru
    • Almirante Grau class (1906)
    • Ferre class subs. (1912)
    Europe
    Bulgarian Navy Bulgaria
    • Cruiser Nadezhda (1898)
    • Drski class TBs (1906)
    Danish Navy 1914 Denmark
    • Skjold class (1896)
    • Herluf Trolle class (1899)
    • Herluf Trolle (1908)
    • Niels Iuel (1918)
    • Hekla class cruisers (1890)
    • Valkyrien class cruisers (1888)
    • Fyen class crusiers (1882)
    • Danish TBs (1879-1918)
    • Danish Submarines (1909-1920)
    • Danish Minelayer/sweepers
    Greek Royal Navy Greece
    Dutch Empire Navy 1914 Netherlands
    • Eversten class (1894)
    • Konigin Regentes class (1900)
    • De Zeven Provincien (1909)
    • Dutch dreadnought (project)
    • Holland class cruisers (1896)
    • Fret class destroyers
    • Dutch Torpedo boats
    • Dutch gunboats
    • Dutch submarines
    • Dutch minelayers
    Norwegian Navy 1914 Norway
    • Haarfarge class (1897)
    • Norge class (1900)
    • Norwegian Monitors
    • Cr. Frithjof (1895)
    • Cr. Viking (1891)
    • DD Draug (1908)
    • Norwegian ww1 TBs
    • Norwegian ww1 Gunboats
    • Sub. Kobben (1909)
    • Ml. Fröya (1916)
    • Ml. Glommen (1917)
    Portuguese navy 1914 Portugal
    • Coastal Battleship Vasco da Gama (1875)
    • Cruiser Adamastor (1896)
    • Sao Gabriel class (1898)
    • Cruiser Dom Carlos I (1898)
    • Cruiser Rainha Dona Amelia (1899)
    • Portuguese ww1 Destroyers
    • Portuguese ww1 Submersibles
    • Portuguese ww1 Gunboats
    Romanian Navy 1914 Romania
    Spanish Armada Spain
    Swedish Navy 1914 Sweden
    Asia
    Chinese navy 1914 China
    Thai Empire Navy 1914 Thailand
    • Maha Chakri (1892)
    • Thoon Kramon (1866)
    • Makrut Rajakumarn (1883)

    ⚏ WW1 3rd/4th rank navies

    ✈ WW1 Naval Aviation

    US naval aviation USN
    • Boeing model 2/3/5 (1916)
    • Aeromarine 39 (1917)
    • Curtiss H (1917)
    • Curtiss F5L (1918)
    • Curtiss VE-7 (1918)
    • Curtiss NC (1918)
    • Curtiss NC4 (1918)
    RNAS RNAS
    • Short 184 (1915)
    • Fairey Campania (1917)
    • Felixtowe F2 (1916)
    • Felixtowe F3 (1917)
    • Felixtowe F5 (1918)
    • Sopwith Baby (1917)
    • Fairey Hamble Baby (1917)
    • Fairey III (1918)
    • Short S38 (1912)
    • Short Admiralty Type 166 (1914)
    • Short Admiralty Type 184 (1915)

    • Blackburn Kangaroo
    • Sopwith 1-1/2 Strutter
    • Sopwith Pup
    • Sopwith Cuckoo 1918
    • Royal Aircraft Factory Airships
    German Imperial naval aviation Marineflieger
    • Albatros W.4 (1916)
    • Albatros W.8 (1918)
    • Friedrichshafen Models
    • Gotha WD.1-27 (1918)
    • Hansa-Brandenburg series
    • L.F.G V.19 Stralsund (1918)
    • L.F.G W (1916)
    • L.F.G WD (1917)
    • Lübeck-Travemünde (1914)
    • Oertz W series (1914)
    • Rumpler 4B (1914)
    • Sablatnig SF (1916)
    • Zeppelin-Lindau Rs series
    • Kaiserlichesmarine Zeppelins
    French naval aviation French Naval Aviation
    • Borel Type Bo.11 (1911)
    • Nieuport VI.H (1912)
    • Nieuport X.H (1913)
    • Donnet-Leveque (1913)
    • FBA-Leveque (1913)
    • FBA (1913)
    • Donnet-Denhaut (1915)
    • Borel-Odier Type Bo-T(1916)
    • Levy G.L.40 (1917)
    • Blériot-SPAD S.XIV (1917)
    • Hanriot HD.2 (1918)
    • Zodiac Airships
    Italian naval aviation Italian Naval Aviation
    • Ansaldo SVA Idro (1916)
    • Ansaldo Baby Idro (1915)
    • Macchi M3 (1916)
    • Macchi M5 (1918)
    • SIAI S.12 (1918)
    Russian naval aviation Russian Naval Aviation
    • Grigorovich M-5 (1915)
    • Grigorovich M-9 (1916)
    • Grigorovich M-11 (1916)
    • Grigorovich M-15 (1916)
    • Grigorovich M-16 (1916)
    • Grigorovich M-16 (1916)
    ✠ K.u.K. SeeFliegkorps
    • Lohner E (1914)
    • Lohner L (1915)
    • Oeffag G (1916)
    IJN Aviation IJN Air Service
    • IJN Farman 1914
    • Yokosho Rogou Kougata (1917)
    • Yokosuka Igo-Ko (1920)

    WW2

    ✪ Allied ww2 Fleets

    US ww2 US Navy
    British ww2 Royal Navy ☍ See the Page
    French ww2 Marine Nationale ☍ See the Page
    Soviet ww2 Sovietskiy Flot ☍ See the Page
    Royal Canadian Navy Royal Canadian Navy ☍ See the Page
    Royal Australian Navy Royal Australian Navy ☍ See the Page
    Koninklije Marine, Dutch Navy ww2 Dutch Navy ☍ See the Page
    Chinese Navy Chinese Navy 1937 ☍ See the Page

    ✙ Axis ww2 Fleets

    Japan ww2 Imperial Japanese Navy ☍ See the Page
    italy ww2 Regia Marina ☍ See the Page
    German ww2 Kriegsmarine ☍ See the Page

    ⚑ Neutral Navies

    Armada de Argentina Argentinian Navy ☍ See the Page
    Marinha do Brasil Brazilian Navy ☍ See the Page
    Armada de Chile Chilean Navy ☍ See the Page
    Søværnet Danish Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Niels Iuel (1918)
    • Danish ww2 Torpedo-Boats
    • Danish ww2 submarines
    • Danish ww2 minelayer/sweepers
    Merivoimat Finnish Navy ☍ See the Page
    Hellenic Navy Hellenic Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Greek ww2 Destroyers
    • Greek ww2 submarines
    • Greek ww2 minelayers
    Marynarka Vojenna Polish Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Cruiser ORP Dragon
    • Cruiser ORP Conrad
    • Brislawicka class Destroyers
    • Witcher ww2 Destroyers
    • Minelayer Gryf
    • Wilk class sub.
    • Orzel class sub.
    • Jakolska class minesweepers
    • Polish Monitors
    Portuguese navy ww2 Portuguese Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Douro class DDs
    • Delfim class sub
    • Velho class gb
    • Albuquerque class gb
    • Nunes class sloops
    Romanian Navy Romanian Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Romanian ww2 Destroyers
    • Romanian ww2 Submarines
    Royal Norwegian Navy Sjøforsvaret ☍ See the Page
    • Norwegian ww2 Torpedo-Boats
    Spanish Armada Spanish Armada ☍ See the Page
    Svenska Marinen Svenska Marinen ☍ See the Page
    • Sverige class CBBs (1915)
    • Gustav V class CBBs (1918)
    • Interwar Swedish CBB projects

    • Tre Kronor class (1943)
    • Gotland (1933)
    • Fylgia (1905)

    • Ehrernskjold class DDs (1926)
    • Psilander class DDs (1926)
    • Klas Horn class DDs (1931)
    • Romulus class DDs (1934)
    • Göteborg class DDs (1935)
    • Mode class DDs (1942)
    • Visby class DDs (1942)
    • Öland class DDs (1945)

    • Swedish ww2 TBs
    • Swedish ww2 Submarines
    • Swedish ww2 Minelayers
    • Swedish ww2 MTBs
    • Swedish ww2 Patrol Vessels
    • Swedish ww2 Minesweepers
    Türk Donanmasi Turkish Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Kocatepe class Destroyers
    • Tinaztepe class Destroyers
    • İnönü class submarines
    • Submarine Dumplumpynar
    • Submarine Sakarya
    • Submarine Gur
    • Submarine Batiray
    • Atilay class submarines
    Royal Yugoslav Navy Royal Yugoslav Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Cruiser Dalmacija
    • Dubrovnik class DDs
    • Beograd class DDs
    • Osvetnik class subs
    • Hrabi class subs
    • Gunboat Beli Orao
    Royal Thai Navy Royal Thai Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Taksin class
    • Ratanakosindra class
    • Sri Ayuthia class
    • Puket class
    • Tachin class
    • Sinsamudar class sub
    minor navies Minor Navies ☍ See the Page

    ✈ Naval Aviation

    Latest entries | WW1 | Cold War
    US naval aviation USN aviation ☍ See the Page
    Fleet Air Arm ☍ See the Page
    IJN aviation ☍ See the Page
    • Mitsubishi 1MF (1923)
    • Nakajima A1N (1930)
    • Nakajima A2N (1932)
    • Mitsubishi A5M "Claude" (1935)
    • Nakajima A4N (1935)
    • Mitsubishi A6M "zeke" (1940)
    • Nakajima J1N Gekko "Irving" (1941)
    • Mitsubishi J2M Raiden "Jack" (1942)
    • Kawanishi N1K-J Shiden "George" (1942)
    • Nakajima J5N Tenrai (1944)

    • Aichi S1A Denko* (1944)
    • Mitsubishi A7M reppu* (1944)
    • Mitsubishi J8M1 Shusui* (1945)
    • Mitsubishi J8M2 Shusui-kai* (1945)
    • Kyushu J7W Shinden* (1945)
    • Nakajima J9Y Kikka* (1945)

    • Mitsubishi 1MT (1922)
    • Mitsubishi B1M (1923)
    • Mitsubishi B2M (1932)
    • Kugisho B3Y (1932)
    • Aichi D1A "Susie" (1934)
    • Yokosuka B4Y "Jean" (1935)
    • Mitsubishi B5M "Mabel" (1937)
    • Nakajima B5N "Kate" (1937)
    • Aichi D3A "Val" (1940)
    • Nakajima B6N "Jill" (1941)
    • Aichi B7A "Grace" (1942)
    • Nakajima C6N Saiun "Myrt" (1942)
    • Yokosuka D4Y "Judy" (1942)
    • Yokosuka MXY-7 "Baka" (1944)

    • Mitsubishi G3M "Nell" (1935)
    • Mitsubishi G4M "Betty" (1941)
    • Kawanishi P1Y Ginga "Frances" (1943)
    • Kyushu Q1W Tokai "Lorna" (1943)
    • Tachikawa Ki-74 "Patsy" (1944)
    • Nakajima G8N Renzan "Rita" (1944)

    • Mitsubishi K3M "Pine" (1930)
    • Nakajima C2N1 (1931)
    • Yokosuka K5Y1 "Willow" (1933)
    • Nakajima L1N1 (1937)
    • Kawanishi H6K2/4-L (1938)
    • Kyushu K10W1 "Oak" (1941)
    • Kyushu K11W1 Shiragiku (1942)
    • Mitsubishi L4M1 (1942)
    • Nakajima G5N Shinzan "Liz" (1942)
    • Yokosuka L3Y "Tina" (1942)
    • Kyushu Q1W1-K "Lorna"(1943)
    • Aichi M6A1-K Nanzan (1943)
    • Yokosuka MXY-7K-1 "Kai" (1944)
    • Yokosuka MXY-8 Akigusa (1945)

    • Hiro H1H (1926)
    • Yokosuka E1Y (1926)
    • Nakajima E2N (1927)
    • Aichi E3A (1929)
    • Yokosuka K4Y (1930)
    • Nakajima E4N (1931)
    • Nakajima E8N "Dave" (1935)
    • Kawanishi E7K "Alf" (1935)
    • Kawanishi E11K1 (1937)
    • Aichi E11A "Laura" (1938)
    • Watanabe E9W (1938)
    • Watanabe K8W* (1938)
    • Mitsubishi F1M "pete" (1941)
    • Nakajima E14Y "Glen" (1941)
    • Aichi E13A "Jake" (1941)
    • Aichi H9A (1942)
    • Nakajima A6M2-N (1942)
    • Kawanishi E15K Shiun (1942)
    • Kawanishi N1K1 "Rex" (1943)
    • Aichi E16A "Zuiun" (1944)
    • Aichi M6A1 Seiran (1945)

    • Kawanishi E11K* (1937)
    • Kawanishi H6K "Mavis" (1938)
    • Kawanishi K6K* (1938)
    • Kawanishi H6K3 (1939)
    • Kawanishi K8K (1940)
    • Kawanishi H8K "Emily" (1942)
    • Yokosuka H5Y "Cherry" (1936)

    • Mitsubishi 2MR (1923)
    • Yokosho K1Y (1924)
    • Yokosuka K2Y (1928)
    • Mitsubishi K3M "Pine" (1930)
    • Hitachi LXG1 (1934)
    • Kyushu K10W "Oak" (1943)
    Italian Aviation ☍ See the Page
    French Aeronavale ☍ See the Page
    • Levasseur PL5/9 (1924)
    • Wibault 74 (1926)
    • CAMS 37 (1926)
    • Gourdou-Leseurre GL.300 series (1926-39)
    • Levasseur PL7 (1928)
    • Levasseur PL10 (1929)
    • Latécoere 290 (1931)
    • Breguet 521/22/23 (1931)
    • Leo H257 bis (1932)
    • Latécoere 300 series (1932)
    • Morane 226 (1934)
    • Dewoitine 376 (1934)
    • Latécoere 321 (1935)
    • Potez 452 (1935)
    • Latécoere 38.1 (1936)
    • Loire 210 (1936)
    • Leo H43 (1936)
    • Levasseur PL107 (1937)
    • Loire 130 (1937)
    • Dewoitine HD.730 (1938)
    • Latecoere 298 (1938)
    • LN 401 (1938)
    Soviet Naval Aviation
    Luftwaffe (Naval) ☍ See the Page
    • Arado 197 (1937)
    • Fieseler Fi-167 (1938)
    • Junkers Ju-87C (1938)
    • Messerschmitt Me 109T (1941)
    • Messerschmitt 155 (1944)

    • Heinkel HE 1 (1921)
    • Caspar U1 (1922)
    • Dornier Do J Wal (1922)
    • Dornier Do 16 ‘Wal’ (1923)
    • Heinkel HE 2 (1923)
    • Junkers A 20/Ju 20 (1923)
    • Rohrbach Ro II (1923)
    • Rohrbach Ro III (1924)
    • Dornier Do D (1924)
    • Dornier Do E (1924)
    • Junkers G 24 (1924)
    • Rohrbach Ro IV (1925)
    • Heinkel HD 14 (1925)
    • Heinkel HE 25 (1925)
    • Heinkel HE 26 (1925)
    • Heinkel HE 24 (1926)
    • Heinkel HE 4 (1926)
    • Junkers W 33/34 (1926)
    • Heinkel HE 5 (1926)
    • Rohrbach Ro VII Robbe (1926)
    • Rohrbach Ro V Rocco (1927)
    • Heinkel HE 31 (1927)
    • Heinkel HE 8 (1927)
    • Arado W II (1928)
    • Heinkel HD 9 (1928)
    • Heinkel HD 16 (1928)
    • Heinkel He 55 (1929)
    • Heinkel He 56 (1929)
    • Arado SSD I (1930)
    • Junkers Ju 52w (1930)
    • Heinkel HE 42 (1931)
    • Heinkel He 50 (1931)
    • Heinkel He 59 (1931)
    • Arado Ar 66 (1932)
    • Heinkel He 58 (1932)
    • Junkers Ju 46 (1932)
    • Klemm Kl 35bW (1932)
    • Heinkel He 62 (1932)
    • Heinkel He 60 (1933)
    • Heinkel He 51w (1933)
    • Arado Ar 95 (1937)
    • Arado Ar 196 (1937)
    • Arado Ar 199 (1939)
    • Blohm & Voss Ha 139 (1936)
    • Blohm & Voss BV 138 (1937)
    • Blohm & Voss Ha 140 (1937)
    • Blohm & Voss BV 222 (1938)
    • Blohm & Voss BV 238 (1942)
    • Dornier Do 24/318 (1937)
    • Dornier Do 18 (1935)
    • Dornier Do 26 (1938)
    • Dornier Do 22 (1938)
    • DFS Seeadler (1936)
    • Focke-Wulf Fw 58W (1935)
    • Focke-Wulf Fw 62 (1937)
    • Heinkel He 114 (1936)
    • Heinkel He 115 (1936)
    • Heinkel He 119 (1936)
    Dutch Naval Aviation
    • Fokker W.3 (1915)
    • Fokker T.II (1921)
    • Fokker B.I/III (1922)
    • Fokker B.II (1923)
    • Fokker T.III (1924)
    • Fokker T.IV (1927)
    • Fokker B.IV (1928)
    • Fokker C.VII W (1928)
    • Fokker C.VIII W (1929)
    • Fokker C.XI W (1934)
    • Fokker C.XIV-W (1937)
    • Fokker T.VIII-W (1939)

    ☢ The Cold War

    ☭ WARSAW PACT

    Sovietskaya Flota Sovietskiy flot ☍ See the Page
    Warsaw Pact cold war navy Warsaw Pact Navies ☍ See the Detail
    • Albania
    • Bulgaria
    • Czechoslovakia
    • Hungary
    • Volksmarine East Germany
    • Parchim class corvettes (1985)
    • Hai class sub-chasers (1958)
    • Volksmarine's minesweepers
    • Volksmarine's FAC
    • Volksmarine's Landing ships
    • ORP Warzsawa (1970)
    • ORP Kaszub (1986)
    • Polish Landing ships
    • Polish FACs
    • Polish Patrol ships
    • Polish Minesweepers
    • Missile Destroyer Muntenia (1982)
    • Tetal class Frigates (1981)
    • Romanian river patrol crafts

    ✦ NATO

    bundesmarine Bundesmarine ☍ See the Page
    Dutch Navy Danish Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Hvidbjornen class Frigates (1962)
    • Frigate Beskytteren (1976)
    • Peder Skram class Frigates (1965)
    • Thetis class frigates (1989)
    • Bellona class corvettes (1955)
    • Niels Juel class corvettes (1979)

    • Delfinen class submarines (1958)
    • Narhvalen class submarines (1970)

    • Bille class Torpedo Boats (1946)
    • Flyvefisken class Torpedo Boats (1954)
    • Falken class Torpedo Boats (1960)
    • Soloven class Torpedo Boats (1962)
    • Willemoes class FAC (1976)
    • Flyvefisken class FAC (1989)
    • Daphne class Patrol Boats (1960)
    • Danish Minelayers
    • Danish Minesweepers
    Dutch Navy Dutch Navy ☍ See the Page
    • CV Karel Doorman (1948)
    • De Zeven Provinciën class cruisers (1945)
    • Holland class DDs (1953)
    • Friesland class DDs (1953)
    • Roodfier class Frigates (1953)
    • Frigate Lynx (1954)
    • Van Speijk class Frigates (1965)
    • Tromp class Frigates (1973)
    • Kortenaer class frigates (1976)
    • Van H. class Frigates (1983)
    • K. Doorman class Frigates (1988)
    • Dolfijn clas sub. (1959)
    • Zwaardvis class subs. (1970)
    • Walrus class subs. (1985)
    • ATD Rotterdam (1990s)
    • Dokkum class minesweepers (1954)
    • Alkmaar class minesweepers (1982)
    Hellenic Navy Hellenic Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Hydra class FFs (1990)
    • Greek cold war Subs
    • Greek Amphibious ships
    • Greek MTBs/FACs
    • Greek Patrol Vessels
    Eire Irish Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Eithne class PBs (1983)
    • Cliona class PBs
    • Deidre/Emer class PBs
    • Orla class fast PBs
    Marina Militare Marina Militare ☍ See the Page
      Aircraft Carriers
    • Giuseppe Garibaldi (1983)
    • Conte di Cavour (2004)*
    • Trieste (2022)*
    • Cruisers
    • Missile cruiser Garibaldi (1960)
    • Doria class H. cruisers (1962)
    • Vittorio Veneto (1969)
    • Destroyers

    • Impetuoso class (1956)
    • Impavido class (1957)
    • Audace class (1971)
    • De La Penne class (1989)
    • Orizzonte class (2007)*
    • Frigates
    • Grecale class (1949)
    • Canopo class (1955)
    • Bergamini class (1960)
    • Alpino class (1967)
    • Lupo class (1976)
    • Maestrale class (1981)
    • Bergamini class (2013)*
    • Thaon di Revel class (2020)*
    • Corvettes (OPV)
    • Albatros class (1954)
    • De Cristofaro class (1965)
    • Minerva class (1987)
    • Cassiopeia class (1989)
    • Esploratore class (1997)*
    • Sirio class (2003)*
    • Commandanti class (2004)*
    • Submarines
    • Toti class (1967)
    • Sauro class (1976)
    • Pelosi class (1986)
    • Sauro class (1992)*
    • Todaro class (2006)*
    • Attack/Amphibious ships
    • San Giorgio LSD (1987)
    • Gorgona class CTS (1987)
    • Italian Landing Crafts (1947-2020)
    • Misc. ships
    • Folgore PB (1952)
    • Lampo class PBs (1960)
    • Freccia class PBs (1965)
    • Sparviero class GMHF (1973)
    • Stromboli class AOR (1975)
    • Anteo SRS (1980)
    • Etna class LSS (1988)
    • Vulcano AOR (1998)*
    • Elettra EWSS (2003)*
    • Etna AOR (2021)*
    • Mine warfare ships
    • Lerici class (1982)
    • Gaeta class (1992)*
    Marine Française Marine Nationale ☍ See the Page
      Battleships
    • Jean Bart (1949)
    • Aircraft/Helicopter carriers
    • Dixmude (1946)
    • Arromanches (1946)
    • Lafayette class light carriers (1954)
    • PA 28 class project (1947)
    • Clemenceau class (1957)
    • Jeanne d'Arc (1961)
    • PA 58 (1958)
    • PH 75/79 (1975)
    • Charles de Gaulle (1994)

    • Cruisers
    • De Grasse (1946)
    • Chateaurenault class (1950)
    • Colbert (1956)

    • Destroyers
    • Surcouf class (1953)
    • Duperre class (1956)
    • La Galissonniere class (1960)
    • Suffren class (1965)
    • Aconit (1970)
    • Tourville class (1972)
    • G. Leygues class (1976)
    • Cassard class (1985)

    • Frigates
    • Le Corse class (1952)
    • Le Normand class (1954)
    • Cdt Riviere class (1958)
    • Estiennes D'Orves class (1973)
    • Lafayette class (1990)

    • Corvettes
    • Estiennes D'Orves class (1973)
    • Floreal class (1990)

    • Submarines
    • La Creole class (1940)
    • Narval class (1954)
    • Arethuse class (1957)
    • Daphne class (1959)
    • Gymnote test SSBN (1964)
    • Le Redoutable SSBN (1967)
    • Agosta SSN (1974)
    • Rubis SSN (1979)
    • Amethyste SSN (1988)
    • Le Triomphant SSBN (started 1989)

    • Amphibian Ships
    • Issole (1958)
    • EDIC class (1958)
    • Trieux class (1958)
    • Ouragan lass (1963)
    • Champlain lass (1973)
    • Bougainville (1986)
    • Foudre class (1988)
    • CDIC lass (1989)

    • Misc. ships
    • Le Fougueux class (1958)
    • La Combattante class (1964)
    • Trident class (1976)
    • L'Audacieuse class (1984)
    • Grebe class (1989)
    • Sirius class (1952)
    • Circe class (1972)
    • Eridan class (1979)
    • Vulcain class (1986)
    RCAN RCAN ☍ See the Page
    • HCMS Bonaventure (1957)
    • St Laurent class DDE (1951)
    • Algonquin class DDE (1952)
    • Restigouche class DDs (1954)
    • Mackenzie class DDs (1961)
    • Annapolis class DDH (1963)
    • Iroquois class DDH (1970)

    • River (mod) 1955
    • Tribal class FFs (Pjct)
    • City class DDH (1988)

    • Ojibwa class sub. (1964)
    • Kingston class MCFV (1995)
    Royal Navy Royal Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Cold War Aircraft Carriers
    • Centaur class (1947)
    • HMS Victorious (1957)
    • HMS Eagle (1946)
    • HMS Ark Royal (1950)
    • HMS Hermes (1953)
    • CVA-01 class (1966 project)
    • Invincible class (1977)

    • Cold War Cruisers
    • Tiger class (1945)

    • Destroyers
    • Daring class (1949)
    • 1953 design (project)
    • Cavendish class (1944)
    • Weapon class (1945)
    • Battle class (1945)
    • FADEP program (1946)
    • County class GMD (1959)
    • Bristol class GMD (1969)
    • Sheffield class GMD (1971)
    • Manchester class GMD (1980)
    • Type 43 GMD (1974)

    • British cold-war Frigates
    • Rapid class (1942)
    • Tenacious class (1941)
    • Whitby class (1954)
    • Blackwood class (1953)
    • Leopard class (1954)
    • Salisbury class (1953)
    • Tribal class (1959)
    • Rothesay class (1957)
    • Leander class (1961)
    • BB Leander class (1967)
    • HMS Mermaid (1966)
    • Amazon class (1971)
    • Broadsword class (1976)
    • Boxer class (1981)
    • Cornwall class (1985)
    • Duke class (1987)

    • British cold war Submarines
    • T (conv.) class (1944)
    • T (Stream) class (1945)
    • A (Mod.) class (1944)
    • Explorer class (1954)
    • Strickleback class (1954)
    • Porpoise class (1956)
    • Oberon class (1959)
    • HMS Dreanought SSN (1960)
    • Valiant class SSN (1963)
    • Resolution class SSBN (1966)
    • Swiftsure class SSN (1971)
    • Trafalgar class SSN (1981)
    • Upholder class (1986)
    • Vanguard class SSBN (started)

    • Assault ships
    • Fearless class (1963)
    • HMS Ocean (started)
    • Sir Lancelot LLS (1963)
    • Sir Galahad (1986)
    • Ardennes/Avon class (1976)
    • Brit. LCVPs (1963)
    • Brit. LCM(9) (1980)

    • Minesweepers/layers
    • Ton class (1952)
    • Ham class (1947)
    • Ley class (1952)
    • HMS Abdiel (1967)
    • HMS Wilton (1972)
    • Hunt class (1978)
    • Venturer class (1979)
    • River class (1983)
    • Sandown class (1988)

    • Misc. ships
    • HMS Argus ATS (1988)
    • Ford class SDF (1951)
    • Cormorant class (1985)
    • Kingfisger class (1974)
    • HMS Jura OPV (1975)
    • Island class OPVs (1976)
    • HMS Speedy PHDF (1979)
    • Castle class OPVs (1980)
    • Peacock class OPVs (1982)
    • MBT 538 class (1948)
    • Gay class FACs (1952)
    • Dark class FACs (1954)
    • Bold class FACs (1955)
    • Brave class FACs (1957)
    • Tenacity class PCs (1967)
    • Brave class FPCs (1969)
    Armada de espanola - Spanish cold war navy Spanish Armada ☍ See the Page
    • Dédalo aircraft carrier (1967)
    • Principe de Asturias (1982)

    • Alava class DDs (1946)
    • Audaz class DDs (1955)
    • Oquendo class DDs (1956)
    • Roger de Lauria class (1967)

    • Baleares class FFs (1971)
    • Descubierta class FFs (1978)
    • Numancia class FFs (1987)

    • Pizarro class gunboats (1944)
    • Artevida class Cvs (1952)
    • Serviola class Cvs (1990)
    • Spanish cold-war submarines
    • Spanish FACs
    • Spanish Minesweepers
    Svenska Marinen Svenska Marinen ☍ See the Page
    • Tre Kronor class (1946)
    • Öland class DDs (1945)
    • Halland class DDs (1952) (1945)
    • Ostergotland class DDs (1956)
    • Spica III class Corvettes (1984)
    • Goteborg class Corvettes (1989)

    • U1 class subs (mod.1963)
    • Hajen class subs (1954)
    • Sjoormen class subs (1967)
    • Nacken class subs (1978)
    • Vastergotland class subs (1986)
    • Gotland class subs (1995)

    • T32 class MTBs (1951)
    • T42 class MTBs (1955)
    • Plejad class FACs (1951)
    • Spica I class FACs (1966)
    • Spica II class FACs (1972)
    • Hugin class FACs (1973)
    • Swedish Patrol Boats
    • Swedish minesweepers
    • Swedish Icebreakers
    Taiwanese Navy Taiwanese Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Kwang Hua class FFs (1991)
    • Kwang Hua II class FFs (1993)
    • Hai Lung class sub. (1986)
    • LCU 1466 class LCU (1955)
    • Fuh Chow class FAC
    • Lung Chiang class FAC
    • Hai Ou class FAC(M)
    • MWW 50 class minehunters
    Turkish Navy Turkish Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Berk class FFs (1971)
    • Atilay class sub. (1974)
    • Cakabey class LST
    • Osman Gazi class LST
    • Turkish Fast Attack Crafts
    • Turkish Patrol Boats
    US Navy USN (cold war) ☍ See the Page

    ☯ ASIA

    Chinese Navy ☍ See the Page
    Indian Navy Indian Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Vikrant class CVs (1961)
    • Viraat class CVs (1986)

    • Cruiser Delhi (1948)
    • Cruiser Mysore (1957)
    • Raja class DDs (1949)
    • Rajput class DDs (1980)
    • Delhi class DDs (1990)

    • Khukri class FFs (1956)
    • Talwar class FFs (1958)
    • Brahmaputra class FFs (1957)
    • Nilgiri class FFs (1968)
    • Godavari class FFs (1980)

    • Kusura class subs (1970)
    • Shishumar class subs (1984)
    • Sindhugosh class subs (1986)

    • Indian Amphibious ships
    • Indian corvettes (1969-90)
    • Khukri class corvettes (1989)
    • SDB Mk.2 class PBs (1977)
    • Vikram class OPVs (1979)
    • Sukanya class OPVs (1989)
    Indonesia Indonesian Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Fatahilla class Frigates (1977)
    • Pattimura class corvettes (1956)
    • Indonesian Marines
    • Indonesian Mine Vessels
    • Indonesian FAC/OPVs
    JMSDF JMSDF ☍ See the Page
      JMSDF Destroyers
    • Harukaze class DD (1955)
    • Ayanami class DD (1957)
    • Murasame class DD (1958)
    • Akizuki class DD (1959)
    • Amatukaze missile DD (1963)
    • Yamagumo class DDE (1965)
    • Takatsuki class DD (1966)
    • Minegumo class DDE (1967)
    • Haruna class DDH (1971)
    • Tachikaze class DD (1974)
    • Shirane class DDH (1978)
    • Hatsuyuki class DDs (1980)
    • Hatakaze class DDs (1984)
    • Asigiri class DDs (1986)
    • Kongo class DDs (started 1990)

    • JMSDF Frigates
    • Akebono class FFs (1955)
    • Isuzu class FFs (1961)
    • Chikugo class FFs (1970)
    • Ishikari class FFs (1980)
    • Yubari class FFs (1982)
    • Abukuma class FFs (1988)

    • JMSDF submarines
    • Oyashio class Sub. (1959)
    • Hayashio class Sub. (1961)
    • Natsushio class Sub. (1963)
    • Oshio class Sub. (1964)
    • Uzushio class Sub. (1970)
    • Yushio class Sub. (1979)
    • Harushio class Sub. (1989)

    • JMSDF Misc. ships
    • Japanese Landing Ships
    • Japanese Large Patrol Ships
    • Japanese Patrol Crafts
    • Japanese Minesweepers
    • Japanese Sub-chasers
    North Korean Navy North Korean Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Najin class Frigates
    • Experimental Frigate Soho
    • Sariwan class Corvettes

    • Sinpo class subs.
    • Sang-O class subs.
    • Yono class subs.
    • Yugo class subs.

    • Hungnam class LCM
    • Hante class LST
    • Songjong class HVC
    • Sin Hung/Ku Song FACs
    • Anju class FACs
    • Iwon class FACs
    • Chaho class FACs
    • Hong Jin class FAC-G
    • Sohung class MTBs
    • Sinpo class MTBs
    • Nampo class FALC
    Philippines Navy Philippines Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Datu Kalantian class Frigates (1976)
    • Bacolod City class LS(L)
    • Philippino Patrol Crafts
    Rep. of Korea Navy ROKN ☍ See the Page
    • Ulsan class frigates (1980)
    • Pohang class corvettes (1984)
    • Dong Hae class corvettes (1982)
    • Han Kang class patrol corvettes (1985)
    • Chamsuri (PKM 268) PBs (1978)
    • ROKS coast guard vessels
    • Paek Ku class FAC (1975)
    • Kang Keong class minehunters (1986)
    Taiwanese Navy Taiwanese Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Kwang Hua class FFs (1991)
    • Kwang Hua II class FFs (1993)
    • Hai Lung class sub. (1986)
    • LCU 1466 class LCU (1955)
    • Fuh Chow class FAC
    • Lung Chiang class FAC
    • Hai Ou class FAC(M)
    • MWW 50 class minehunters

    ☪ MIDDLE EAST

    Israeli Navy IDF Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Eilat class Corvettes (1993)
    • SAAR 5 Project
    • SAAR 1 FAC
    • SAAR 4 FAC
    • SAAR 4.5 FAC
    • Dvora class FAC
    • Shimrit class MHFs
    • IDF FACs/PBs
    • Etzion Geber LST
    • Ash class LCT
    Iranian Navy Iranian Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Destroyer Artemiz (1965)
    • Bayandor class FFs (1963)
    • Alvand class FFs (1969)
    • Khalije Fars class DDs (2016)*

    ♅ OCEANIA

    Australian Navy RAN ☍ See the Page
    • HMAS Sydney (1948*)
    • HMAS Melbourne (1955*)
    • Tobruk class DDs (1947)
    • Voyager class DDs (1952)
    • Perth class MDD (1963)
    • Quadrant class FFs (1953)
    • Yarra class FFs (1958)
    • Swan class FFs (1967)
    • Adelaide class MFFs (1978)
    • Anzac class MFFs (1990s)
    • Oxley class subs (1965)
    • Collins class subs (1990s)
    • Australian Amphibious ships
    • Fremantle class PBs
    RNZN Royal New Zealand Navy ☍ See the Page
    • HMNZS Royalist (1956)
    • Pukaki class patrol Crafts (1974)
    • Moa class patrol crafts (1983)
    • HMNZS Aotearoa (2019)*

    ☩ South America

    Armada de argentina Argentina ☍ See the Page
    • ARA Independencia (1958)
    • ARA Veinticinco de Mayo (1968)
    • Belgrano class cruisers (1951)
    • Almirante Brown class Frigates (1981)
    • Mantilla class corvettes (1981)
    • Espora class corvettes (1982)
    • Salta class submarines (1972)
    • Santa Cruz class submarines (1982)
    Brazilian Navy Brazilian Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Minas Gerais aircraft carrier (1956)
    • Cruiser Barroso (1951)
    • Cruiser Tamandare (1951)
    • Acre class destroyers (1945)
    • Niteroi class Frigates (1974)
    • Ihnauma class Frigate (1986)
    • Tupi class submarines (1987)
    • Brazilian patrol ships
    Chilean Navy Chilean Navy ☍ See the Page
    • O'Higgins class cruisers
    • Lattore Cruiser (1971)
    • Almirante class destroyers (1960)
    • Prat class M. Destroyers (1982)
    • Almirante Lynch class Frigates (1972)
    • Thomson class subs (1982)
    • Small surface combatants
    Peruvian Navy Peruvian Navy ☍ See the Page
    • Almirante Grau(ii) class
    • Almirante Grau(iii) class
    • Abtao class sub.
    • PR-72P class corvettes
    • Velarde class OPVs

    ℣ AFRICA

    Egyptian Navy Egyptian Navy ☍ See the Page
    • October class FAC/M (1975)
    • Ramadan class FAC/M (1979)
    SADF South African Navy ☍ See the Page
    ☫ Minor cold war/modern Navies Algerian NavyAzerbaijani NavyBangladesh NavyBarheini NavyBolivian NavyCambodian NavyComoros NavyCosta Rica NavyCroatian NavyCuban NavyDjibouti NavyDominican Republic NavyEquadorian NavyEstonian NavyEthiopian NavyFinnish NavyGeorgian NavyHaitian NavyHonduras NavyIcelandic NavyIraqi NavyJordanian NavyKuwaiti NavyLatvian NavyLebanese NavyLiberian NavyLibyan NavyLithuanian NavyMauritanian NavyMexican NavyMorrocan NavyNicaraguan NavyNorwegian NavyOmani NavyPakistani NavyParaguaian NavyQatari NavySan Salvador NavySaudi NavySerbian NavySingaporean NavySlovenian NavySomalian NavySudanese NavySyrian NavyThai NavyTunisian NavyUAE NavyUruguayan NavyVenezuelan NavyVietnamese NavyYemeni NavyZanzibar Navy

    ✚ MORE

    ⚔ Cold War Naval Events
    • ⚔ Indochina War naval ops
    • ⚔ Korean War naval ops
    • ⚔ 1956 intervention in Suez
    • ⚔ 1960 Cuban crisis
    • ⚔ 1960 US/Soviet compared strenghts
    • ⚔ 1963-69 Algerian war naval ops
    • ⚔ Naval warfare in Vietnam
    • ⚔ Middle East naval fights
    • ⚔ 1980 Falkland wars
    • ⚔ 1990 Gulf War
    ⚔ Modern Navies
    ✈ Cold War Naval Aviation See the full section
    Seaplanes
    • Grumman Mallard 1946
    • Edo OSE-1 1946
    • Short Solent 1946

    • de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver 1947
    • Grumman Albatross 1947
    • Hughes H-4 Hercules (completed & first flight, prototype)
    • Saunders-Roe SR.A/1 1947 (jet fighter seaplane prototype)
    • Short Sealand 1947

    • Martin P5M Marlin 1948
    • Supermarine Seagull ASR-1 1948 (prototype successor to the Walrus)
    • Nord 1400 Noroit 1949
    • Norsk Flyindustri Finnmark 5A (interesting Norwegian prototype)
    • SNCASE SE-1210 French prototype flying boat 1949

    • Convair R3Y Tradewind USN patrol flying boat 1950
    • Goodyear Drake (proto seaboat) 1950
    • de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter 1951 (RCAN)
    • Saunders-Roe Princess 1952 (RN requisition possible)

    • Convair F2Y Sea Dart Prototype delta jet fighter seaplane 1953
    • Martin P6M SeaMaster strategic bomber flying boat 1955

    • Ikarus Kurir H 1957

    • Shin Meiwa UF-XS prototype 1962
    • Shin Meiwa PS-1 patrol flying boat 1967
    • Canadair CL-215 1967 water bomber, some operated by the RCAN
    • GAF Nomad patrol australian land/floatplane 1971
    • Harbin SH-5 Main PLAN patrol flying boat 1976
    • Cessna 208 Caravan transport flotplane (some navies) 1982
    • Dornier Seastar prototype 1984

    • Patrol Planes
    • ATR 42 MP Surveyor (Italy, 1984)
    • ATR 72 MP (Italy 1988)

    • ATR 72 ASW (France, 1988)
    • Breguet Atlantic (France 1965)
    • Nord 1402 Noroit (France 1949)

    • Avro Shackleton (UK 1949)
    • BAE Nimrod MRA4 (UK 2004)
    • Britten-Norman Defender/Islander (UK 1970)
    • Fairey Gannet (UK 1949)
    • Hawker-Siddeley Nimrod (UK 1967)

    • Beechcraft King Air (USA 1963)
    • Basler BT-67 (USA 1990)
    • Boeing 737 Surveiller (USA 1967)
    • Boeing P-8 Poseidon (USA 2009)
    • Lockheed P-2 Neptune (USA, 1945)
    • Lockheed P-3 Orion (USA 1959)
    • Martin P4M Mercator (USA 1946)
    • Convair P5Y (USA 1950)
    • Douglas/BSAS Turbo Dakota (USA 1991)

    • Bombardier DHC-8 MPA/MSA (Can 2007)
    • Canadair CP-107 Argus (Can 1957)

    • CASA C-212 MPA (Spain 1971)
    • CASA/IPTN CN-235 MPA/HC-144 Ocean Sentry (Spain 1983)
    • CASA C-295 MPA (Spain 1997)

    • Diamond DA42 Guardian (Austria 2002)

    • Dornier 228 (Germany 1981)

    • Embraer EMB 111 Bandeirante (Brazil 1968)
    • Embraer R-99 (Brazil 2001)
    • Embraer P-99 (Brazil 2003)

    • Fokker F27 200-MAR (NL 1955)
    • Fokker F27 Maritime Enforcer (NL 1955)

    • IAI 1124N Sea Scan (Israel 1977)

    • Kawasaki P-1 (Japan 2007)
    • Kawasaki P-2J (Japan 1966)

    • Saab Swordfish (Sweden 2016)
    • Shaanxi Y-8F,Q,X (China 1984)
    • Short Seavan (UK 1976)

    • Beriev Be-8 1947
    • Beriev Be-6 1949
    • Beriev R-1 turbojet prototype seaplane 1952
    • Beriev Be-10 1956
    • Beriev Be-12 Chaika 1960
    • Beriev Be-40/A-40 Albatross prototypes 1986
    • Chetverikov TA-1 1947
    • Ilyushin Il-38 'May' (USSR 1967)
    • Myasishchev 3M/3MD (USSR 1956)
    • Tupolev Tu-16T/PL/R/RM/SP (USSR 1952)
    • Tupolev Tu-95MR (USSR 1961)
    • Tupolev Tu-142 (USSR 1968)

    • Carrier Planes
      USN
    • Douglas A-3 Skywarrior
    • Douglas A-4 Skyhawk
    • Douglas A2D Skyshark
    • Douglas AD Skyraider
    • Douglas F3D Skynight
    • Douglas F4D Skyray
    • Grumman A-6 Intruder
    • Grumman AF Guardian
    • Grumman C-1 Trader
    • Grumman C-2 Greyhound
    • Grumman E-1 Tracer
    • Grumman E-2 Hawkeye
    • Grumman EA-6B Prowler
    • Grumman F-9 Cougar
    • Grumman F9F Panther
    • Grumman F-11 Tiger
    • Grumman F-14 Tomcat ➚
    • Grumman S-2 Tracker
    • Lockheed Martin F-35B
    • Lockheed S-3 Viking ➚
    • McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II
    • McDonnell Douglas T-45 Goshawk
    • McDonnell FH Phantom
    • McDonnell F2H Banshee
    • McDonnell F3H Demon
    • McDonnell-Douglas AV-8B Harrier II
    • McDonnell-Douglas F/A-18 Hornet
    • North American A-5 Vigilante
    • North American AJ Savage
    • North American FJ Fury
    • North American T-2 Buckeye
    • North American T-28 Trojan
    • Vought A-7 Corsair
    • Vought F-8 Crusader
    • Vought F6U Pirate
    • Vought F7U Cutlass
    • Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet
    • Boeing EA-18G Growler
    • RN
    • Blackburn Buccaneer
    • Boulton Paul Sea Balliol
    • BAe Sea Harrier
    • de Havilland Sea Vampire
    • de Havilland Sea Venom
    • de Havilland Sea Vixen
    • Fairey Gannet
    • Hawker Sea Hawk
    • Short Seamew
    • Westland Wyvern
    • Marine Nationale
    • Breguet Alizé
    • Dassault Étendard IV
    • Dassault Super Étendard
    • Dassault Rafale M
    • Fouga CM.175 Zéphyr M
    • SNCASE Aquilon
    • Soviet Navy
    • Sukhoi Su-25UTG/UBP
    • Sukhoi Su-33
    • Yakovlev Yak-38

    Navy Helicopters
      Chinese PLAN:
    • Harbin Z-5 (1958)
    • Harbin Z-9 Haitun (1981)
    • Changhe Z-8 (1985)
    • Harbin Z-20 (in development)
    • Italy:
    • Agusta Bell AB-205 (1961)
    • Agusta Bell AB-212 (1971)
    • Agusta AS-61 (1968)
    • India:
    • Hal Dhruv (Indian Navy)
    • France:
    • Alouette II (1955)
    • Alouette III (1959)
    • Super Frelon (1965)

    • Cougar ()
    • Panther ()
    • Super Cougar H225M ()
    • Fennec ()
    • MH-65 Dolphin ()
    • UH-72 Lakota ()
    • Germany:
    • MBB Bo 105 (1967)
    • NHIndustries NH90
    • Japan:
    • Mitsubishi H-60 (1987)
    • Poland:
    • PZL W-3 Sokół (1979)
    • Romania:
    • IAR 330M (1975)
    • United Kingdom:
    • Westland Lynx (1971)
    • Westland Scout (1960) RAN
    • Westland Sea King (1969)
    • Westland Wasp (1962)
    • Westland Wessex (1958)
    • Westland Whirlwind (1953)
    • Westland WS-51 Dragonfly (1948)
    • USA:
    • Gyrodyne QH-50 DASH
    • Hiller ROE Rotorcycle (1956)
    • Piasecki HRP Rescuer (1945)
    • Bell UH-1N Twin Huey (1969)
    • SH-2 Seasprite (1959)
    • SH-2G Super Seasprite (1982)
    • CH-53 Sea Stallion (1966)
    • SH-60 Seahawk (1979)
    • Sikorsky S-61R (1959)
    • MH-53E Sea Dragon (1974)
    • ussr:
    • Kamov Ka 20 (1958)
    • Ka-25 "Hormone" (1960)
    • Ka-27 "Helix" (1973)
    • Ka-31 (1987)
    • Ka-35 (2015)
    • Ka-40 (1990)
    • Mil-Mi 2 (1949)
    • Mil Mi-4 (1952)
    Civilian ♆ WW1 US Shipping Board
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