Development

Ruling the Adriatic

Arguably one of the most interesting development of the torpedo carrier was made in Italy back in 1915. It’s somewhat a good fit as the story of the torpedo as a whole started in Adriatic. Long story short, the early carriers of torpedoes, the aptly named torpedo boats (In Italian Torpediniere) were in some sort of conundrum in 1915 when Italy entered the war: They had been evolving constantly since the 1880s, now facing the cacciatorpediniere (destroyer), and were still around, still built (like the PN series), but they were not that fast any more, and being devoid of protection meant their large size made them easier targets for modern, faster and more accurate light and medium guns.

Soon the Adriatic, primary theatre for the Regia Marina against the KuK Kriegsmarine – The Austro-Hungarian Navy – turned to be hostile to large ships as prove important losses quite early, and favour instead light ships and boats. Only destroyers and submarines soon roamed this nearly enclose sea, barred from access to the Med by the famous Otranto Barrage, held by the allies (Italy, France and Britain) until 1918. They bottled the Imperial Navy inside Pola as its major port, nearly doomed to inaction to the end.

Only scout cruisers and destroyers attempted sorties against the barrage, which were replied in kind, often successfully. But the bulk of the Navy, its four very capable Tegetthoff class Dreadnoughts, pre-dreadnoughts, and armoured cruisers, rarely sortied… When it happened, on the verge of mutiny like for the Hochseeflotte also in 1918, the Italians were waiting with a new “secret weapon”: The MAS. When skining SMS Szent István, one of these dreadnoughts, off Pola on 10 June by Luigi Rizzo on MAS-15, the world suddenly took notice, and the motor torpedo boat entered the annals of naval warfare. By then, it’s not like the MAS (Motoscafo Armato Silurante) came out off the blue. They had been around since Italy entered the war in 1915. The idea was even older, and came back from Venice, arguably the world’s birthplace of fast motorboats.

About SVAN

The MAS boats originated in the motobarca armata SVAN (armed motorboat SVAN), from Società Veneziana Automobili Navali (Naval Automobile Society of Venice).
Società Veneziana Automobili Navali (S.V.A.N.) was a shipyard based in the Castello district of Venice and major manufacturer of high-seas motorboats during World War I and World War II. It was founded by engineer Attilio Bisio in 1916 albeit some sources cite the first half of 1917, immediately dedicated itself to the production of military motorboats. According to the Italian Navy, the first vessels entered service in March 1916. So why 1914 or 1915? There were naval officers in Venice that saw many motorboats zipping in and out Venice and its numerous water avenues, and believed that the largest of them were strong enough to carry and drop a single 45 cm torpedo.

No need for a torpedo tube, heavy and cumbersome, that would be woefully unpractical given the size of these boats, completely breaking their stability. After all, the way these civilian motor boats were made, in wood planking and plywood, with early, powerful automobile engines made nearby around Turin, made them fast and agile, but not strong enough for heavy loads. However, there was the idea that by carving out a cutout aft to lower the centre of gravity of any heavy load that could be placed there, carrying and dropping a torpedo by the stern might be a solution. The idea was presented by a few young naval officers from Venice to RM HQ in Rome in 1914, but most of the top brass, still under the influence of 1880-90s concept and at best the Russo-Japanese war and recent experience against the Ottoman Empire and the Balkan war, non showed the utility of such crafts.

To the majority the idea looks a waste of time and resources. After all, already the Navy had plenty of torpedo boats, from the 1880s Aquila class to the 1PN class. New ones were in construction or preparation, the 40PN class (launched from 1916 onwards) and 70OLT class (1917) and this was not even counting all the destroyers already fitted with many traversing torpedo tubes, a way superior delivery mode. So there was no objective need, even when Italy went at war in 1915, for such motor boats. No need and no tactic or doctrine associated. It just did not exist as a concept apart in some motorboats enthusiast’s mind.

PN65 and MAS-15, the old and the new, who will win ultimately (Luce archives, 1918)
However, it was not meant to stay that way, due to early war experience. As seen above, the situation in the Adriatic, after a flurry of active sorties in 1915, started to bog down after the closure on the only access to the Mediterranean of the Adriatic, the Otranto barrage. Apart monitor warfare developed supporting the land war in the extreme north of the Adriatic and a few sorties combined destroyers and aircraft against ports and bases across what is now mainly the Croatian coast, there were no large scale allied sortie in force in the Adriatic, “infested by submarines” for example to shell Pola and draw the fleet out. This was turning into a “small boat war”.
So as the idea was still there, it came from a private venture, at the Società Veneziana Automobili Navali, a newly formed company created with personal and assets from other small yards specialized in civilian motorboat manufacturing, made the same way as cars of the time, manual and tailored to the customer.

By the war the company name itself betrayed its origin: The boats that were made, were basically “naval sport scars”, marrying powerful automobile engines, generally from Fraschini, with flat-bottom wooden hulls designed to reach great speed, exceeding 33 knots. A speed that few ships matched. Torpedo boats of the time made 27 knots at best, and typical Tre Pipe like the Pilo class, 30 knots.
So Production of a motorboat capable of being armed (by a gun initially, there was not even question of a torpedo) started in early 1916, based on a concept by engineer Attilio Bisio.

From the Motobarca Armata SVAN to the Motoscafo armato silurante

Initially, the new craft made at SVAN was named “Motobarca Armata SVAN” (Armed Motorboat SVAN), after the company, but when as seen above the licence was acquired for a marge production across Italy, it was changed for the more neutral “Motoscafo armato silurante”. By 1918, everybody started to use the acronym “MAS” which was already used as a prefix for numbering the boats anyway. The first units entered service in March 1916. This first class was powered by two compact, reliable 500-horsepower internal combustion petrol engines. MAS boats saw widespread use in the Regia Marina, equipped with even better, high-power, efficient, direct-injection engines based on the latest automotive designs, from companies already hard-pressed to produced the same for aircraft. Never technological and engineering progress was strong for such automotive engines at the time. This configuration overcame carburization issues caused by the poor quality of the benzene used as fuel. Another series were also manufactured by the Fraschini workshops so that they could literally “wrap around” their own engines new types of more efficient hulls. Later versions built by the Orlando Shipyard in Livorno, the ones used by D’Annunzio, targeted easier production for a more massive delivery, when both SVAN and Fraschini were more “workshop-oriented”.

Plans of MAS 15 (Kagero pub.)

The “Buccari Raid” raid by D’Annunzio and Luigi Rizzo was a harassment operation against the Austro-Hungarian fleet anchored in Buccari Bay and these boats featured a redundant engine setup, with one engine backing up the other, to further enhance their efficiency and reliability. D’Annunzio himself coined the Latin phrase *Memento audere semper* (“Remember to always dare”) based on the acronym “MAS”.
Depending on their setup, these MAS boats could serve either as anti-submarine patrol craft or as torpedo crafts for stealthy (night) attacks against the Austro-Hungarian fleet. The tactic was to have a few torpedo boats, themselves covered by destroyers, towing MAS boats by night to the harbour, then releasing the two out of range of coastal batteries, and the MAS would do the last run to the port itself. One crucial advantage of these light boats was their near-flat bottom and reduced draft, protected tunnelled propellers, enabling them to just skirt over the defensive nets and rampage the harbour itself. By that stage, the Austrians not always used nets around their capital ships: If they were commonplace in 1914, carried art all times on the flanks, they were a hindrance when at sea, augmenting roll and creating a stability issue.

Success was not always there, but the impact they produced on the Regia Marina (and the world after Szent Istvan sinking, before cameras no less), was such that motorboats were definitely on the map. It is important to say that Italy followed its own path but was not alone in the realization that these new automotive engines, coupled with fast, light vessels, was a seducing alternative to traditional torpedo boats. The Royal Navy was also initially dismissive of this naval dust until realizing its potential. British Motor Torpedo Boats (MBT) showed what they were capable of notably in the Russian Civil war in 1918 at Kronstadt. The Germans also made some in 1917-18, as well Russia and France.
Long story short, MAS boats remained in production until the armistice of Cassibile, on 9 September 1943. They went through the interwar keeping their deadly potential. The last true “torpedo boats” were indeed discontinued in the Regia Marina postwar, then resurrected in 1933 with the Spica class, but much closer to versatile escort destroyers than torpedo crafts. The concept of motorboats was even expanded by the Regia Marina during the war, with the MS class boats, VAS class ASW boats, MAT class, MTM class, MTS class (1940), MTL class, SLC/SSB class and R Boats.

SVAN Designs 1916-1943

“S.V.A.N. 12-Ton” type (1916–1928)
“S.V.A.N. 19-Ton” type (1918–1922)
“Baglietto 12-Ton” type (1917–1922)
“S.V.A.N. Fast 1917” type (1923–1928)
“S.V.A.N. Gunboat” type (1925–1929)
“S.V.A.N. Very Fast 14-Ton” type (1930–1943)
“S.V.A.N. Very Fast Diesel MAS 437” type (1934–1943)

Deployments

Featuring a hull shape designed for high speeds (exceeding 20 knots), MAS boats were equipped with torpedoes and proved their worth during World War I across numerous missions, including attacks on large surface vessels. Deployed by the *Regia Marina* (Royal Italian Navy), primarily in the Upper Adriatic, they distinguished themselves during the Great War through often daring raids such as the action at Cortellazzo, sinking of the coastal defense ship Wien, the “Buccari Raid,” and the sinking of the battleship *Szent István*. They are fittingly associated with the D’Annunzio motto “*memento audere semper*” (“remember always to dare”), which, according to legend, was coined on the night of the Buccari raid.
Two of these vessels survive today: MAS 15—which, under command of Luigi Rizzo, sank the *Szent István*—is preserved at the Vittoriano Museum in Rome; MAS 96—a key participant in the Buccari raid—is housed at the *Vittoriale degli Italiani* in Gardone.

The first group (MAS 3 class) was preceded by MAS-1, 2 made as prototypes at SVAN, Venezia. They were started in mid-1916 and comissioned in December after many trials and modifications. They came from a Bisio project in 1915 prototypes for the next “12-ton” boats type “A”. They had long official trials from November to December, 1916. However soon after commission, both were converted to minelayers.
For the first time they were equipped with 10 hp electric motors, today we would say “creeping engines”, capable of giving them a final in-harbour 4kts silent running, over 20 miles under batteries. In December 1916, so soon after commission, instead of being used in a raid outright, both were converted to minelaying boats with the TTs removed, one MG replaced by 47mm gun forward and 4 mines carried. But they soon resumed their former fit.

To be precise these were completed initially with a 6.5mm/80 Breda LMG forward and two 450mm tubes, then a single 47mm/40 H1901 replaced the LMG, in 1917, both were fitted with the Rognini electric motors for silent approach (10hp, 4kts), and in 1918, MAS-2 had now three 6.5mm/115, Breda HMGs and the two 450mm TTs were back, with in addition four depth charges at the poop.
however MAS1 sank on 25.4.1917 as a result of collision with MAS-9. MAS-2 in turn foundered 29.10.1917 during a storm. Later in May, 1917 and November 1917 respectively both were raised and repaired. In 1919, MAS-1 in turn was modified, loosing both 450mm Tubes. They were discarded in 1922 for MAS-2 and April 1928 for MAS-1, the latter kept at SVAN as a test boat.

As starting point for WWI MAS class, let’s go with the class comprising MAS-15, the one from SVAN that sank Szent Istvan. SVAN Venezia built its first proper class MAS3-22 in 1916-17. “12-ton” boats designed by A. Bisio (SVAN) or “B type” in some sources. They started to be built by different builders in 1916-1918. Boats differed from each other by armaments and engines. Some (1, 4 and 6th series) were extra equipped with 10hp electric motors for silent running.

General Layout:

The first series (numbered 3 to 22) built by engineer Attilio Bisio at SVAN Venice for the Regia Marina were initially designated *Motobarca Armata Svan* (SVAN Armed Motor-boat) and they entered service in the summer of 1916. The class name sometimes raised by authors is related to their 12-ton displacement. They had a crew of about ten men and the armament generally consisted of two torpedoes and several depth charges, in addition to a machine gun or a small-caliber cannon (see below).

Class: MAS-3 to MAS-10-12 were commissioned in completed in late, 1916. MAS-11 was completed in 1917. MAS-21 was renamed in 1912 MAS 16 after its loss.
Losses: MAS3 (20.11.1917), MAS7 (4.11.1916), MAS10 (17.3.1918), MAS14 (5.2.1918), MAS16 (18.12.1917).

MAS N°9.

Career:

MAS15 was preserved in a museum in Rome. She holds historical significance when on June 10, 1918 under command of Lieutenant Commander Luigi Rizzo she played a pivotal role in the Raid of Premuda by sinking the Austro-Hungarian battleship *Szent István* off the coast of Premuda Island. This event is commemorated by the Italian Navy’s annual Navy Day. Since June 1936, the vessel has been preserved at the Vittoriano.
In addition to this one, another very similar (though not identical) World War I-era MAS—the MAS 96—is on display at the Vittoriale degli Italiani in Gardone Riviera. Beyond these two, other MAS vessels (dating from World War II) are preserved as museum ships: the MAS 472 at Marina di Ravenna, and the MAS 473 at the Naval History Museum in Venice, alongside the motorized landing craft MZ 737 and the submarine Dandolo.

Orlando 1917 design, following the licenced SVAN 1916 Type A design

⚙ MAS 15 specifications
Displacement	12t normal, 16t fully loaded
Dimensions	16 x 2.63 x 1.20 m
Propulsion	2 shafts Isotta-Fraschini petrol + 2 Rognini electric motors* 450/10 hp
Speed	25.2 kts/4 kts
Range	160-200 nm at 20 knots or 20 nm at 4 kts creeping motors
Armament	3x 6.5mm/115, 2x 450 TT or 1x 47mm/40 H1901, 1x 6.5mm/115, 4-6 DC
Crew	8

*MAS11 2 Sterling petrol engines, which are quiet compared to standard explosion engines

When the licence was passed on from the Regia Marina after purchase from SVAN to Fraschini and Orlando, the latter also started to build these standard 12-ton models. MAS91-102 was the first batch from Orlando, Livorno, delivered un 1917 until MAS-98 and in 1918 for the remainder until MAS-102. MAS-93 was lost on 26.12.1919 and MAS-99 on 9.12.1926. In April 1937 MAS-100 was lent to the Nationalist Spanish naval forces, as LT17 Napoles. They were discarded from 1921 to 1937 for the last MAS 94. Some were converted as MGBs, only keeping guns, for a 11.5 tons displacement for MAS 91, 93, 97, 98, 99 or 12.5 tons for MAS 92, 94, 95, 96 and 100. In that case, draught went from 1.38 to 1.30 meters.
Notes: MAS96 was offered as a gift to Gabriele d`Annunzio and since 1958 preserved as museum piece at Gardone (Lake Garda). Another museum boat, MAS94, has burnt down in 1946 in La Spezia.

MAS 96 preserved at the Vittoriale Egli Italiani Museum, Gardone

Specs

Displacement 11.5t to 13.4t later series. Dims 16.2 x 2.83 x 1.38m. 2 shafts Isotta-Fraschini petrol engines with operational Rognini electric motors 450-500 hp/10 hp. Top speed 29.5 and 4 kts.
Endurance, 170 nm/24 kts. Crew 8.
Armament as MGB: 1x 47mm/40 H1901, 1x 6.5mm/115, 2 DC, as MTB: (2-3x 6.5mm/115 LMG, 2x 450mm TT, 4 DC.

Generally called the modified Group A. There were two series, another starting from MAS 161 to 202, given to several yards:
Picchiotti, Limite sull`Arno: MAS158 – 165
Gallinari, Livorno: MAS166 – 175
Piaggio, Sestri Ponente: MAS176 – 200
Foggi & Agretti, Livorno: MAS201, 202
They were completed between 1917 for MAS 166 alone to 1918 for the rest, and even 1919 for MAS 165. There were later losses,MAS160 (22.5.1927), MAS166 (12.11.1918), MAS178 (12.9.1930). Otherwise they were discarded between 1921 and 1938.

Specs

Displacement normal, 11.2t, 12.1-12.2t FL. 16 x 2.63 x 1.1-1.12m. 2 shafts Sterling/Fiat petrol engines 400-480 hp. No creeping motors.
Top speed 23-26.5 kts, 170-202 nm/20-23 kts. Crew 8.
Armament: 2x 6.5mm/115, 2x 450 TT, 6 DC, some had the 57mm/43 N1887, no TTs and single 6.5mm LMG +4 DCs

Prototype from Baglietto, Varazze, commissioned in August 1917, discarded in 1922. Designed to be retrofitted as MTB or MGB. Prototype for the MAS 204 Group A series.

Specs

Displacement 12-12.9t, 16 x 2.63 x 0.88-0.92m, 2 Fiat petrol/2 Rognini electric motors 460/10 hp, 26/4 kts, 200nm/24 kts or 20nm/4 kts.
Armament one 6.5/115, and two 450mm TT, 10 DC or 47mm/40 H1901 instead the TTs as MGB.

From pinterest. Early MAS series

Still considered Group A, 1918, Baglietto variant: MAS204 – 217. Losses MAS204 (8.4.1941), MAS206 (8.4.1941), MAS208 (15.4.1934), MAS210 (8.4.1941), MAS213 (8.4.1941), MAS216 (8.4.1941).
Discarded 1922-1939. The last around was MAS 212.

Specs

Displacement 11.8-12t standard, 13.4-13.9t FL. 16 x 2.63 x 1.08-1.10m. 2 Fiat petrol engines +2 Rognini electric motors 480/10 hp
Top speed 23-24 kts, range 220nm/23 kts or 20nm/4 kts. Crew 7
Armament: 1x 6.5mm/115, 2-450mm TT (or as MGB 57mm/43 N1887), 10 DC.

Orlando, Livorno built MAS218-232 in 1918 but MAS231, 232 were completed in 1919. No loss but some were transferred in the interwar: Finland in 1920 acquired MAS220, 221 as MTV1, 2, China in 1921 acquired MAS226, 227 as KUAI1, 2, Sweden in 1921 acquired MAS231, 232 as N1, 2 and Nationalist Spain was donated in April 1937 MAS223 (Sicilia). The remainder were discarded from 1929 to 1937.

Specs

Displacement normal 11.8-12t and 12.9t FL. 16.4 x 2.89 x 1.35-1.41m.
Machinery: 2 Isotta Fraschini petrol+ 2 optional Rognini electric motors 500/10 hp
Performances 26/4 kts. Range 200 nm at 26 kts or 16 nm at 4 kts.
Armament 1x 6.5mm/115, and 2×450 TT (MGB 57mm/43 N1887), 2-4 DC. Crew 8.

MAS325 and 326 were delivered in 1918 by Picchiotti, Limite sull`Arno, the last in November 1918 (MAS325, 326). MAS325 was discarded in 1926 and MAS326 in 1929.
Prototypes for further series.

Specs

Displacement 11.4-13t normal and 13.6t FL. 16 x 2.86 x 1.18. 2 shafts Sterling petrol 440 hp.
23 kts top speed, range 170 nm at 21.5 kts.
Armament: 1x 6.5mm/115, 1x 57mm/43 N1887 as MGBs, or 2x 6.5mm/115, 2x 450mm as MTBs, 4 DC. Crew 8.

MAS319-323 were manufactured at SVAN, La Spezia, completed by September 1919, so not active WW1. cancelled 6.1920: MAS322, 323. Discarded 1920-31. Rather mediocre design.

Specs

Displacement 11.4-14.2t, 16 x 2.86 x 1.20m. Machinery 2 shafts Isotta Fraschini petrol, 700 hp, 28 kts, RA 180 nm/26 kts.
Armament 2-3x 6.5mm/115, 2x 450mm TT, 4 DC, crew 8.

MAS Boats in Action

Origins and early raids
MAS boats were widely employed, based mainly at Venice and Ancona, carrying out their first significant operations.
In November 1916 MAS boats made a daring penetration of the Fasana Channel near Pola, though torpedo failures limited the results — a pattern of mechanical unreliability that would recur throughout the campaign.
The sinking of SMS Wien — Trieste, 9–10 December 1917:
The most significant success before Premuda came at Trieste, where MAS 9 and MAS 13, commanded by Tenente di Vascello Luigi Rizzo, torpedoed and sank the Austro-Hungarian coastal defense ship SMS Wien on the night of 9–10 December 1917, inflicting heavy casualties and disrupting enemy operations without any Italian losses. This blocked Austro-Hungarian plans to use Wien and her sister ship Budapest to shell Italian coastal positions.

The “Beffa di Buccari” (Mockery of Bakar): night of 10–11 February 1918
This was less a military success than a morale operation, planned in the wake of the disaster at Caporetto. Under the command of Costanzo Ciano, three MAS boats — 94, 95, and 96 — were towed by torpedo boats and escorted by light craft, beginning their approach at 22:00 on 10 February. Gabriele D’Annunzio rode aboard MAS 96 with Rizzo at the helm. The boats penetrated the bay of Buccari (Bakar, near Fiume/Rijeka) where four enemy vessels lay at anchor — three merchant steamers and one passenger ship. Just after midnight each of the three MAS launched two torpedoes at the anchored ships; only one of the six actually struck a target, as the rest exploded against the anti-torpedo nets protecting the harbor.

All three boats made it back to Ancona by 7:00 the next morning. Before withdrawing, D’Annunzio threw three sealed bottles wrapped in the Italian tricolor into the harbor, containing a mocking, defiant message he had written himself, taunting the Austro-Hungarian fleet for hiding in port. It was during preparation for this raid that the crew of MAS 96 coined the motto “Memento Audere Semper” (“remember always to dare”), whose initials spelled MAS — the phrase became the flotilla’s enduring emblem. Materially the raid achieved almost nothing, but historians rank it among the boldest exploits of the war for its outsized effect on Italian morale, coming just months after the catastrophe of Caporetto

The sinking of SMS Szent István — Battle of Premuda, 10 June 1918
The flotilla’s greatest success. The Austro-Hungarian battleship SMS Szent István was sunk off Pula on 10 June 1918 by a boat commanded by Luigi Rizzo, again aboard MAS 15. The ship was caught while at sea as part of a sortie against the Otranto Barrage, and its sinking was the only sinking of a battleship in WWI captured on film; it remains the only case of a motor torpedo boat sinking a battleship. Combined with the loss of her sister ship Viribus Unitis to Italian frogmen months later, it was a severe blow to the Austro-Hungarian battle fleet, which largely abandoned major offensive sorties for the rest of the war.

The raid on Durazzo harbor on the night of 6–7 June 1918, sinking an auxiliary transport and damaging other shipping.
Second Battle of Durazzo, October 1918: MAS boats took part in the Second Battle of Durazzo in October 1918, a mixed Allied naval bombardment operation against the Albanian port, supporting the wider land offensive that was pushing the Central Powers toward collapse. Wikipedia
Closing act: the raid on Pola, night of 31 October–1 November 1918
Not strictly a MAS operation but from the same “Mezzi d’Assalto” tradition — on 1 November 1918, Raffaele Paolucci and Raffaele Rossetti of the Regia Marina rode a human torpedo, nicknamed “Mignatta” (leech), into the harbour of Pola, where they sank the dreadnought Viribus Unitis just hours before the armistice with Austria-Hungary took effect

Next stop:
MGBs of WW1: SVAN-Ansaldo 12ton type A group 1st series (MAS23), SVAN 12ton type A group 2nd series(MAS53), SVAN 12ton type mod “A” group (MAS58), Baglietto 19ton type B group MAS318, SVAN 19ton type B group 1st series MAS115, SVAN 12ton mod type A grou MAS140, SVAN 19ton type B group 2nd series MAS233 and SVAN 19ton type B group MAS423.
MAS Interwar & WW2: SVAN 12ton modified Pecoraro (MAS324), “Baglietto veloce” type (“D” group) MAS397, GRILLO, SVAN velocissimo type “D” group 1st series (MAS411), MAS551 (1919), SVAN veloce type D group (MAS401), SVAN velocissimo type D group 2nd series (MAS415), SVAN type MAS427, SVAN velocissimo type MAS423, SVAN velocissimo type MAS430, Baglietto velocissimo type MAS431, STEFANO TÜRR, Baglietto velocissimo MAS424, Baglietto velocissimo MAS501, Baglietto velocissimo MAS526, Baglietto velocissimo MAS451, MAS552 and MAS555.

Read More/Src

Books

Erminio Bagnasco e Marco Spertini, I mezzi d’assalto della X Flottiglia Mas 1940-1945, Parma, Ermanno Albertelli Editore 1991
(EN) Jack Greene e Alessandro Massignani, The Naval War in the Mediterranean, 1940-1943, Landsdowne Press 1981.

Links

siusa-archivi.cultura.gov.it/
About Engineer Biso in 1958, law proposition for an “extra-ordinary pension”
navypedia.org coastal forces
unire.unige.it MAS.pdf
xoomer.virgilio.it/ motosiluranti-motovedette-mas.html
web.archive.org trentoincina.it/
en.wikipedia.org MAS_(motorboat)
it.wikipedia.org Motoscafo_armato_silurante
it.wikipedia.org St Veneziana Automobili Navali
MAS_15
fr.pinterest.com/ MAS boat

Videos

@ItalianMilitaryArchives_NavalH
The great war channel MAS boats

Model Kits

on scalemates.com
Super Drawings in 3D 16082 The Mas-15 Italian Navy Torpedo-Armed Motorboat

3D